Phoenix Suns :: essays research papers

The History Of The genus phoenix Suns I chose to write ab place the Phoenix Suns basketball History mainly because they have gave me, the fan great memories. The Suns introduced me to a whole new world of sports. When I watch their Basketball games its in all likelihood different from any former(a) fans viewpoint. I tend to analyze their games and try to think what their next move is going to be. Other fans exactly cheer which is alright.Throughout the Phoenix Suns existence, they have had many great years as well as many down years. When I was introduced to the sport of Basketball, the first off team I watched was the Chicago Bulls I was completely intrigued by this sport. Each member of the team on the court of all time seemed to be giving it their all. It was barely for a year that I was a Chicago Bull fan this was because I had not yet found out that Arizona had, and The Team of course, is the Phoenix Suns. I was quickly converted to a Suns fan (now I now what youre thinkin g you think Im one of those people who only if moves around cheering the team that wins. well Im not I was just a little kid who just found out that there was a professional basketball team in the state he lived in, and I just started cheering for them.) This team is great they are always playing their hearts out.Well before the beginning of the 1968 draft two Teams (the expansion teams) Milwaukee and Phoenix got select players from other teams this is known as the Expansion draft. The other teams were basically giving away low quality players . Before the team was even created there was a contest to see what the teams name was going to be. there were names like The Moon Shooters, The Nitros, The Hoopsters, The Dudes, The Gransuns, Desert Rats, Desert Cats, The Sun Dials, And how about The Phoenix White Wing Doves? The eventual winner was Selinda King she acquired $1,000 dollars plus indurate tickets to the suns first inaugural season. In the expansion draft the Suns selected Dic k Van Arsdale, which turned out to be a great pick because he stop up averaging 17.6 points a game for Phoenix. Other players selected by Phoenix were Gail Goodrich, Neil Johnson, David Latin, Stan McKenzie, McCoy McLemore, Dick Snyder, and George Wilson.

Compare and Contrast Judaism, Christianity, and Islam Essay examples --

Compare and Contrast Judaism, Christianity, and IslamHuman beings have always been curious about the meaning and purpose of life. Religions try to function the curiosity people have about there being a higher source, typically identifying this greater domination as God. Some beliefs teach that there is only one G-d this is defined as a monotheistic morality. Some examples of monotheistic religions are Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Although each sect has a different perspective on teachings and beliefs they have one common thread the belief in a singular deity. all(prenominal) religion has a different perspective unless close important is where the religions generated from. Major religions started in various parts of the world. Judaism, Christianity and Islam share the same birthplace the Middle East. Jerusalem is not only the home to Judaism but Christian and Muslim Religions as well. Equally important is the expansion of religions. For example Judaism and Christianity are also practiced in Europe, North America, Russia and elsewhere. Islam can be found in Europe, Central Asia, North and West Africa and elsewhere. (30-41) Diverse religions spread throughout the countries allowing for the expansion of followers.The Birthplace of the religions is just as significant to the different sects which, the religions are composed of. Each religion has different branches where each sect varies on beliefs. For instance, Judaism is broke into three major branches Orthodox, Conservative and Reform. This are consider the sects of today. One major argument amid the groups is the interpretation and validation of the Torah. The argument is rather the torah was written by G-d and given to mosses completely intact. The Second argument is the ... ... he was sent to earth to save mankind beings from sin and death. The teachings of Jesus center around love. The way to salvation is do good works. Also too have faith in G-d and the Christs resurrection.Last but not least is Islam. The basic beliefs of Islam are summed up in this statement of Faith. I mean in Allah, his angels, his books and prophets and the Day of judgment. The Angel Gabriel brought Allahs message to Muhammad They believe the purpose of life is to submit to G-d, and obtain paradise after death. They way to achieve salvation is to follow the Quran, and Five Pillars of Islam.Although many religions have different sects which, whitethorn share different ideas just like in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It is evident that these religions believe in one god. The teaching and traditions of each religion make each religion unique in its own way.

physics of soccer Essay -- essays research papers fc

Physics of SoccerEleven men take the field on a warm sunny day in siemens Korea. Thousands of anxious soccer fans await the blow of the referees whistle to commence the culmination of the worlds greatest sporting event, The World Cup. 32 once stood now only two remain .The pitch is fair and the competition is fierce, four time defending champ Brazil looks confident as it glares across at its nemesis for the duration of ninety minutes, Germany. The entire world is spell bound by the natural creativity that ensues from a high take aim soccer match, but do they know the necessary physical laws that make the game possible? The answer is no, the average soccer fan has no paper the physical restrictions and factors involved in moving a ball one hundred meters, the standard length of an inter internal playing field.Once in Yokohama pipe bowl the able athletes stretch their finely tuned musculature in order to get ready for todays athletic competition. Roberto Carlos the star left back, for the acclaimed Brazilian national team has the important job of defending the goal and preventing the ball from crossing the threshold of the goal line at any cost. A good defender can boot the ball weighing approximately one pound the length of the field at any given time. Carlos is not good, he is great, steady legs and a supple foot he is quite capable of accomplishing this feat. His leg is so strong he his able to strike the b...

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Chil

The use of several therapeutic methods to treat children with PTSD increases the argument among clinicians about the most effective intervention for PTSD. The clinical literature describes a wide variety of interventions besides CBT including, psychoanalytic techniques, creative arts, play therapy, crisis intervention, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, and pharmacotherapy which raises the question about what could be the most effective treatment for children with PTSD (Cohen, Mannarino & Rogal 2001). Several of these therapies have been recognized as effective PTSD treatments. For instance, Eye-Movement Desensitization and Processing (EMDR), has become an increasingly accepted treatment modality for childishness PTSD however, very few physicians recommend its use (Cohen, et al. 2001). EMDR is a PTSD treatment in which clients are engaged to visually track the therapists finger being rapidly wave back and forth as they engage with the trauma memory (Feeny et al. (2004). In a controlled study that examined the efficacy of EMDR on children with PTSD who were victims of natural disasters, Chemtob, Nakashima, & Carlson (2002), found that EMDR was an effective treatment to decrease or eliminate PTSD symptoms of these traumatized children. Chemtob and colleagues documented that 56.3% of the children no longer met criteria for PTSD according to the infant Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index (CPTSD-RI) cut off. Empirical knowledge with regard to EMDR is quite comparable to the effectiveness of psychotropic medications they have provided some nourish as effective PTSD treatment. However, these treatments have been far from unanimous in the demonstration of their effectiveness (Friedman, 1997). Despite the findings tha... ...ychiatric disorders associated with posttraumatic stress disorder in the general population. umbrella Psychiatry, 41, 469478.Trowell, J., Kolvin, I., Weeramanthri, T., Sadowski, H., Berelowitz, M., Galsser, D., et al. (2002 ). Psychotherapy for sexually abused girls Psychopathological outcome findingsand patterns of change. British Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 234246.Resick, P. A., Nishith, P., Weaver, T., Astin, M. C., & Feuer, C. A. (2002). A comparison of cognitive processing therapy, prolonged exposure, and a waiting check over for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in female rape victims. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 867879.Zayfert, C., DeVita, J. (2004). Residual Insomnia Following Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for PTSD. Journal of Traumatic Stress, Vol. 17, no 1, February 2004, pp. 6973 ( 2004).

Slave Acculturation Essay -- American History

buckle down Acculturation The seasoning process, as applied to the treatment of orchard slaves, was designed to ensure not only that the slaves would become totally dependent upon the dictates of their owners but also to destroy the cultural links which the slaves had with their former homelands. In the atomic number 74 African kingdoms which provided one of the major source of slaves at the height of the triangle trade, slavery was part of the indigenous culture however, the motivation behind African domesticated slavery was for the main part political, and intricately bound up with the way in which the capture of those from neighbouring tribes would allocate bargaining power to the captors it was not necessary to raise a process of acculturation on the slaves in order to ensure their total obedience. (Curtin p 63) However, once slavery was extended to Europe and the Americas, there was a perception amongst the white slave-owners tha t to allow black slaves to maintain their cultural heritage would result in the fomentation of rebellion and invalidate the psychological and physical domination which was essential if small groups of whites were to successfully control large groups of slaves.(Inikori p 22) Depriving slaves of their physical strength, except when seen as necessary to set an example, would puzzle been counter-productive. It was the potential for labour which was extremely valued on the plantations slaves cost money and it was in the interests of the plantation owners to maintain the physical health and strength of their slaves, even when they had established a breeding program which made the slave community essentially self-perpetuating. Seasoning was therefor... ...African heritage but developed along different cultural lines and could not be said to have a direct connection with its cultural origins in the modern context of Black American society. BibliographyCurtin, Philip D. and Paul E. Lovejoy, ed. Africans in bondage Studies in Slavery and the Slave Trade. Madison, WI University of Wisconsin Press, 1986. Burnard, T & Morgan, K. (2001) The dynamics of the slave market and slave purchasing patterns in Jamaica, 1655-1788. William and Mary Quarterly 58 1 npa.Inikori, Joseph E. and Stanley L. Engerman, eds. The Atlantic Slave Trade cause on Economies. Societies, and Peoples in Africa, the Americas, and Europe. Durham, NC Duke University Press, 1992.Africa in America Slave Acculuturation and Resistance in the American South and the British Caribbean, 1736-1831., The William and Mary Quarterly.(JSTOR)

Slave Acculturation Essay -- American History

Slave Acculturation The seasoning process, as applied to the treatment of plantation slaves, was designed to ensure not only that the slaves would become wholly dependent upon the dictates of their owners but also to destroy the ethnical links which the slaves had with their former homelands. In the West African kingdoms which provided one of the major source of slaves at the top of the inning of the triangle trade, slavery was part of the indigenous culture however, the motivation behind African domestic slavery was for the main part political, and intricately bound up with the way in which the capture of those from neighbouring tribes would allocate bargaining power to the captors it was not necessary to impose a process of acculturation on the slaves in coiffe to ensure their total obedience. (Curtin p 63) However, once slavery was extended to Europe and the Americas, there was a perception amongst the white slave-owners that to all ow black slaves to maintain their cultural heritage would result in the fomentation of rebellion and invalidate the psychological and physical domination which was essential if small groups of whites were to successfully control large groups of slaves.(Inikori p 22) Depriving slaves of their physical strength, except when seen as necessary to set an example, would have been counter-productive. It was the potential for labour which was highly valued on the plantations slaves cost money and it was in the interests of the plantation owners to maintain the physical health and strength of their slaves, even when they had established a breeding program which made the slave community essentially self-perpetuating. Seasoning was therefor... ...African heritage but developed along different cultural lines and could not be said to have a direct connection with its cultural origins in the upstart context of Black American society. BibliographyCurtin, Philip D. and Paul E. Lovejoy, ed. Africans in bondage Studies in Slavery and the Slave Trade. Madison, WI University of Wisconsin Press, 1986. Burnard, T & Morgan, K. (2001) The dynamics of the slave market and slave buying patterns in Jamaica, 1655-1788. William and Mary Quarterly 58 1 npa.Inikori, Joseph E. and Stanley L. Engerman, eds. The Atlantic Slave Trade Effects on Economies. Societies, and Peoples in Africa, the Americas, and Europe. Durham, NC Duke University Press, 1992.Africa in America Slave Acculuturation and subway system in the American South and the British Caribbean, 1736-1831., The William and Mary Quarterly.(JSTOR)

Information Literacy in the Philippines Essay

T he 2003 Functional Literacy, Education and Mass Media Survey (FLEMMS) is a national survey that gathers culture on basic and useable literacy status of the population which will be used as basis of procreation policies and programs that will improve the cover come on and quality of study and literacy in the country. It is the third in a series of functional literacy surveys conducted in 1989 and 1994. the simple level. One in every 10 had no formal education (9. 0%).This proportion is somewhat towering despite the governings commitment to provide basic education to all Filipinos. Those who have graduated from an primary(a) instructing only if did not proceed to a secondary level comprised 11 percent. Sixteen percent have reached but did not finish gamy school level while another 16 percent have finished high school level. Likewise, 16 percent either have reached but did not complete college level (8. 3%) or have actually finished college or any higher level of education (8. 0%). B. attending in School Two-thirds of the estimated 34 trillion population 6 to 24 years old, were attending school during the school year covering June 2003 to March or April 2004, or semester covering November 2003 to March or April 2004. In Western Visayas (Region VI), Bicol (Region V), CAR, Cagayan Valley (Region II), and Mindoro, Marinduque, Romblon, and Palawan (MIMAROPA), approximately seven out of 10 children and youth were enrolled during the cited school year or semester. In ARMM, only about five in every 10 children and youth were enrolled. C.Net Enrollment Ratio The net enrollment ratio for the aboriginal school age children or the ratio of the number of children 6 to 11 years old who were enrolled in elementary grades to the total number of children in this age group is around 82 percent. The 2003 FLEMMS is conducted by the National Statistics Office (NSO) in coordination with the Literacy Coordinating Council (LCC) and the Department of Education (DepEd). Th e LCC provides overall coordination in policy formulation and program implementation of all inter-agency activities to achieve the goals of the United Nations Literacy Decade (UNLD).With LCC at the helm, the DepEd, Department of the Interior and Local establishment (DILG), National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), Philippine Information Agency (PIA), Philippine Normal University (PNU), Senate, House of Representative, and NonGovernment Organization (NGO) and the agencies involved in the promotion of literacy from the private and government sectors, the Philippines supports UNLDs goal to increase world-wide literacy levels by 50% by 2015. 2003 FLEMMS Highlights A. Highest Educational Attainment The largest proportion of Filipinos aged 6 years and older were elementary graders.According to the 2003 FLEMMS, 29% of the estimated 69 million population 6 years old and above in 2003, or three out of 10 persons in that age group, have attended an elementary school but did not c omplete 1 ABIVA ABIVA issue HOUSE, INC. The net enrollment ratios for the population in the secondary school ages and those in the tertiary school ages are much lower. Approximately six out of 10 persons of secondary school ages, or persons aged 12 to 15 years were enrolled in high school.Only one-fifth of those in the tertiary school ages or persons aged 16 to 24 years were attending college. The net enrollment ratio among females is in the main higher than males. D. Mode of Travel to School The childrens mode of travel to school shows that more than half of the students aged 6 to 24 years went to school by walking (54. 5%). Tricycle and jeepney were also commonly used. Two out of five students either took a tricycle or a jeepney. E. flat coat for not Attending School Of the 34 million population aged 6-24, 34 percent or 11. 6 million were not attending school.Of this number, 30 percent were not attending school mainly because they were working or looking for work, 22 percent l acked interest in going to school and 20 percent could not afford high cost of education. F. Basic or Simple Literacy Of the estimated 62 million Filipinos 10 years old and over, around 93 percent were basically lite lay. Basic or simple literacy is the ability of a person to read and write with understanding a simple message in any language or dialect. The basic literacy rate in 2003 is similar to the 1994 rate of 94 percent.The basic literacy rate among females (94. 3%) is higher compared to their male opposite number (92. 6%). G. Functional Literacy A self-administered functional literacy questionnaire was accomplished by persons 10 to 64 years old in order to determine their literacy status. The 2003 FLEMMS revealed a functional literacy rate which is similar to the 1994 rate of 84 percent. Of the estimated 58 million Filipinos 10 to 64 years old, around 49 million were functionally literate person. The functional literacy rate among females is higher than among males (86. 3% vs. 81.9%).Survey results also show that seven out of 10 persons aged 10 to 64 years who were poor were functionally literate compared to nine out of 10 among the non-poor. H. Mass Media One question in the FLEMMS self-administered questionnaires asked the respondents to choose which among the different forms of mass media can give him or her knowledge and information. Among the 12 different forms of mass media, TV (61. 8%), radio (56. 7%), and newspaper (46. 5%) were most commonly cited by the respondents as possible sources of knowledge and information to them.Other forms of mass media reported by at least two in every 10 respondents are magazine/book (35. 7%), meetings of barangay, church building and other organizations (32. 2%), and computer/internet (20. 0%). I. Attendance in Non-Formal Training Of the 51 million population 15 years old and over, 19 percent (9. 7 million) have attended a livelihood adult literacy program or non-formal training. Non-formal training includes bas ic literacy, functional literacy, livelihood training, basic vocational training, citizenship training, values development and leadership training.Of those who attended livelihood training, 18 percent participated in values development training, and 13 percent joined leadership training. strategic Partners The national campaign against illiteracy, as designed by the LCC, is built on the concept of a grand alliance among the public education sector, the private sector, and the topical anaesthetic government unit with the local authorities assuming full leadership and responsibility to make the program sustainable.The Council is set to review and evaluate its program and hopefully, regard it to the nextlevel of advocacytotal local government involvement. To cultivate strategic partnerships with local governments, the Council undertook an awards program that is calculated to cultivate literacy advocacy among the local government units (LGUs) and harness local power and resources to c ombat illiteracy. One success story is Antipolo City which made history by winning the first ever student residence of Fame Award for the Most Outstanding Local Government Unit category.For three consecutive years, from 2002-2004, Antipolo City was declared as the Most Outstanding Local Government Unit for the Component City category. As a result, Antipolo City helped the 5-year-old Outstanding Literacy Program Awards establish a significant benchmark in the drive to revoke illiteracy in the Philippines. This also proves that strong and sustained support from LGUs greatly helps in achieving the desired literacy results.Although this is a significant stride in the literacy program, a more concerted effort among educators, learners, communities, and the government is still needed to raise the level of literacy in the country. DR. NORMA L. SALCEDO is the head of the Literacy Coordinating Council (LCC) Secretariat. Copyright2007 by Dr. Norma L. Salcedo and Abiva Publishing House, Inc. All rights reserved. ABIVA PUBLISHING HOUSE, INC.

Marketing Plan (Innisfree)

1. Background Innisfree is a natural brand that shares the benefits of nature from the pristine island of Jeju allowing for vibrant beauty and pursues an eco-friendly young life to preserve the balance of nature. Innisfrees snail mask, which is our new increase, is this marketing plans character. Snail Mask is very pop upular and its market offshoot is stable because snail mask is very useful to encourage and repair the trim. Our target market is the middle class and the reaches of customers are both female and male.Also, duration distribution is about 21 to 50 years old. Besides, the competition of the marketing is come from different countries such as Etude house, Nature republic in Korea, Shu uemura Shiseido in Japan and Lancme, Estee lauder in America. Therefore, the competition of marketing is extremely competitive.2. The SWOT analysisStrength 1) Our point of intersections formula is unique unlike other brands.2) Use 3 years for research and development this snail mask .3) The ingredients of our snail mask are in high quality.4) Our factory has many large-scale machines we force out turn in flock production.Weaknesses 1) The selling price is high as the production cost is high.2) The package of our snail mask is not attractive.3) We bathroomnot throw a lot of money and resources of this product as our company has many other skincare products.Opportunities 1) Rising of siemens Korean fashion Hong Kong multitude are affected by the Korean dramas, pop music and idols.2) Increase the confidence of buying Korean skincare products good public reputation3) Men now pay attention on their images and start to protect their skin by using skincare products.4) Hong Kong womens purchasing power on skincare products is high.Threats1) The rising rate of currency rate (RMB) the manufacturing cost get higher and higher as our factory is organise in mainland.2) The weather condition of Hong Kong is not as dry as South Korea. People whitethorn not use our snail mask frequently.3) The trend of the medical beauty handling is rising the traditional masks are not attractive enough.3. Target of gross revenue revenue& market share First of all, the snail mask is priced at $30 HK dollars each and anticipated to sell 300,000.Therefore we expected to shit 1.5 million for gross revenue revenue. It is because the snail mask is new product, we do not expect too much in sales revenue. Also, we expect that the snail mask have 5% in the market share.4. Describing the promoted product First, Moisturizing, skin whitening and renewing the skin cells are the 3 major factors that Hong Kong people mostly concerned. Our snail mask has 80% of Snail Secretion Filtrate. This ingredient terminate help to increase the elasticity of skin effectively and revitalize the damaged skin. Also, among all snail masks from other brands in the market, our product contains the highest concentration of Snail Secretion Filtrate. And we add almond oil and aloe vera in or der to increase the moisture of the mask, add milk for skin whitening. Second, Hong Kong people like product in high quality and effective.Although our snail masks selling price is a bit higher than other brands, we gage ensure that our ingredients are natural and come from France so that the quality is safe and good. Moreover, for the paper mask, it is specially formulated with 3D technology. It provides perfect wearability to the mask and allow the treatment essence quickly sink into the skin. Third, Hong Kong people are very prudent of choosing masks. Our company is a well-known Korean skincare company and has good reputation.And we withal have branches in Hong Kong. In order to gain customers trust, they can retrieve their money if the product has any problems. Lastly, the needs of men maintaining their skin are rising. Therefore, our products unique formula can be fit both mens and womens skin. It is convenient and couples can maintain their skin together by using our mask.5 . The target customer in HK After our deliberations, we decided that the snail mask only launched in Hong Kong. One of the reason is Hong Kong is influenced by the South Korean fashion deeply, particularly cosmetic products. People in Hong Kong have arequirement of high quality skin care product .They have confidence of the Korea brand and easy to build brand image and loyalty. Furthermore, no matter male or female, they maintain their skin by using skin care products. So we choose the target customer in Hong Kong as the product is relatively easy to enter the market and help company to earn profit. On the contrary, we do not choose the target customer in China. It is because we hope the snail can commencement ceremony try the temperature of a smaller market.6. progression toolsAdvertising Endorser Invite Korean popular idols Kang Gary and Song ji hyo. They play as Monday couple of running man which is the popular TV program in Korea and Hong Kong. As our product is suitable for both male and female, our promotion firstly focus on couples market of Hong Kong. Their couples images are suitable for promoting our product. We ordain ask them to come to Hong Kong to promote the snail mask.Mtr Station and Bus stopSet a poster at the light box of mtr station and bus stop. Transportation can easily contact with target market, because there are strong flows of people at each public transport confluence, The probability of contacting target customer give be increase.FacebookBecause facebook is the most popular social website in the world, the number of users accounted for 16% of the world, at Hong Kong it has 3.65 million users. We will establish the fans page on facebook, also the first 100 users who click like to our page can get a trial product of mask free. They can get it from our shop in Mong Kok . It can increase the chance of contacting target customer and free trial product can make users give us a feedback.TV adIt is the most effective root of advertisi ng, because TV is common in this 21st century, TV is in everywhere. Although using TV adverting is expensive, it can contact with target customer effectively. We will ask our advertising endorser to film an advertisment for our products. Also it must be highfrequency of showing at night, it can focus on the couples marketYoutube channelYoutube is the most popular video-share website in the world. Every video starts playing on youtube, you must watch a small advertisement first, but the time only have fifteen seconds. We can make a short advertisment and still including our advertising endorser.Others We will organise some street promotion in other to attract people who do not use Facebook regularly. And we will hire some models to distribute some trial product to the pedestrian who fit our target group.7. Budget for promotion The list budget is $700000 HKD.Advertising Endorser$300000HKD (it has a discount already, because we are the local company of Korea)Mtr Station and Bus stop-$ 100000HKDFacebook$10000HKD (including the sample, the salaries of technology team)TV advertising$200000HKDYoutube$70000HKDFor others $20000HKD (including having any accident)8. Action devise 1. Find Korean Agents Company to discuss the contract of those two popular idols and arrange the schedule of their job.2. The place of trial product distribution will set up at downtown like Causeway Bay and Mong Kok, it attracts more customers.3. Contact with KMB and MTR, discuss the contractand the placement of our poster.4. Contact with TVB and Youtube HK to discuss the showing time of our advertisement.

Cyp 3.4 Health and Safety

CYP Core 3. 4 Support clawren and younker peoples wellness and Safety When planning a wellnessy and caoutchouc indoor or outdoor surroundings thither be some factors that need to be interpreted into account. Specific peril to case-by-cases. Specific Risk to individuals. Age, needfully and abilities of the boorren and unfledged people. Age, require and abilities of the kidren and five-year-old people. Desired outcomes for barbarianren and young people. Desired outcomes for children and young people. occupancy of responsibility and accountability. Line of responsibility and accountability. The duty of cargon. The duty of c ar. Function and Pur affectedness of the environment or service goed.Function and Purpose of the environment or service offered. Needs of conductrs. Needs of c arrs. wellness and Safety factors to consider when planning. wellness and Safety factors to consider when planning. Age, needs and abilities of children and young people whole(a) children a nd young people eat readingal milestones which tell us the approximate age at which most children argon seeming to develop current sk pallids and ways they be pass judgment to be charter. However, the individual needs of each child or young individual needs to be taken into account when planning a proficient and count oning(a) ensureing environment as the needs and abilities of each ndividual volition vary particularly if an impairment, such as a learning difficulty or a physical disability has been identified. The age, needs and abilities of children concern significantly on what is guard or unsafe for them to come into contact with. For instance an eight month old baby get out be expected to pick up objects within their reach and put them to their mouth so when planning a safe environment for them it lead be important to agree sm tot every(prenominal)y in totally objects that present a choking hazard out of their reach.It is with this in mind that most practiti oners will choose toys and materials safely. Before choosing toys they moldiness be go over to ensure that they carry a pr exampleative mark which gives assurance that the products argon safe to use as directed by the manufacturer. It is very important that toys and equipment are apply in the way instructed by the manufacturer and non for any other(a) purpose. All toys and equipment moldiness similarly be assembled utilise the manufacturer instruction manual and age guidelines must be followed. E. g. This product is not safe for children under 3 due to small parts.It is important to re phallus the specific needs and abilities of each child when allowing them to use toys and equipment as some children for example may have developmental delays and still put things in their mouth like young children so exercising extra caution may be necessary. Choosing toys and equipment that is durable and will last longer is practical as they are more likely to withstand constant use and have less of a chance of break outing and becoming voltagely dangerous to the children using them.At St Cuthberts the needs and abilities of all children were taken into account when planning the outdoor areas, the prepare grounds and split into three different sections nursery and reception kB, year one and two yard and year three through to six have a separate yard. Each yard has been designed to specifically meet the needs of the children using i. e. little climbing frames for the younger children and larger ones for the old. The instruct building and grounds are all on one level and would be meet for wheelchair users to access easily.Specific Risk to Individuals almost activities or situations can present specific dangers to individuals. It is important to have dear(p) populateledge and understanding of each child or young person we work with so that we can recognise the risks if and when they occur and reduce the risk to an acceptable level or offer a suitable alte rnative. * If a young person is pregnant some activities otherwise deemed safe for her will become more of a risk to her because she is pregnant i. e. Trampolining, therefore a more suitable form of exercise safe for her and the baby could be offered. If a child suffers with a visual impairment the risk associated with certain activities may be high learning to use sharp tools for example. Advice can be sought from a professional who may recommend the use of specially designed tools or offer advice on suitable methods of teaching. * A child or young person with asthma or allergies will be unable to work with dust, pollen or certain viands so it will be important to remember this child when planning certain activities i. e. bringing flowers in from outside or giving the children nutrition treat.The needs of Carers Where relevant the needs of carers and stirs are in addition a factor to consider when planning healthy and safe environments or run. For instance, a carer that uses a wheelchair will need sufficient space to move around safely and this should be thought of when planning the layout of furniture and facilities. The function and purpose of environments and services When planning a safe and healthy environment practitioners should take into account the function and purpose of the environment and services.Activities and experiences offered in one rankting may be less suited and ill-advised in another. For example, many sports centres offer holiday clubs for children and young people, the environment is specifically designed for sporting activities and the staff will be trained and know how to properly use certain equipment, therefore offering the same activities in an out of school club that meets in a school classroom would be in book and unsafe. Desired outcomes for children and young peopleThe desired outcomes for children and young people are among the factors that influence what is catch, safe and healthy for them to do within the setting. W hen planning an bodily process the potential benefits to the children and young people need to be considered against the likelihood of harm occurring. Duty of Care When a parent or carer leaves their child in the care of a service they are in effect agreeing for the staff to care for their child whilst they are there. This means that staff has a duty of care to the child or young person in their care in line with provisions set out in the Children Act 1989.The act requires those caring for the child or young person to promote the safety and welfare of each individual in their care. The level of this duty of care must be that of a well-founded parent. If you do not act as a reasonable parent would do to lay aside the child or young person safe you are failing to meet your duty of care and can be seen as being negligent. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 also states that the setting has a responsibility to safeguard the safety and well-being of children and young people in its care.Lines of responsibility and accountability It is very important for practitioners in all settings and services to be crystal clear about their own responsibilities relating to health and safety, or standards will slip and important welfare requirements may not be met. It is very important that practitioners monitor and maintain health and safety on an on-going basis and this will vary from setting to setting. At St Cuthberts Primary shallow Health and Safety is monitored primarily by the place teacher who is in charge of the overseeing of new policies and rocedures along with the school governors. All other staff members are responsible for their own safety and the safety of all of the children in their care whether it be their own class or the whole student population during break times. It is the role of the caretaker to monitor the health and safety of the school buildings and grounds and these are overseen on a twice a week basis. If the caretaker should happen upon a he alth and safety concern this will be immediately brought to the attention of the head teacher who will consequently decide on the best possible resolution.It is also up to the caretaker to be in the yard first thing in a morning to ensure that all entry/exit ways to the school are securely locked making sure any unauthorised visitors cannot enter the school and ensuring the safety of the children. It is primarily the duty of the receptionist to check identification of visitors and providing them with a visitors badge and access to the school. When providing environments and services for children and young people it is important to comply with the laws and regulations set out by the government. The laws and guidelines set out by the government in England are Health and Safety at work Act 1974 and 1992 This act is relevant for all places of employment not just those working alongside children and young people. Employers have a duty of care to ensure that the workplace and equipment w ithin it are in a safe and useable creator and do not pose as a risk to the health and safety of anyone using it. Anyone working or volunteering in the setting have a responsibility to take care of themselves and others in cooperation with the employer. The Act also states that all employers must use the basic principles of risk management 1. Risk prizement . Balanced control measures 3. Training The caretaker at the school I work in is responsible for checking the school buildings and grounds on a causeedness basis to ensure that all equipment being used is safe and does not pose a risk to any student or staff. Computers and other electrical equipment are canvas on a regular basis by an outside company to make sure that there are no problems. It is the class teachers responsibility to ensure that their classroom and the equipment in it are safe for the children to use and this is taken into account when planning and risk assessing lessons.All staff is required to take part in training meetings in which they have the opport building blockies to learn how to use any new equipment or in some cases how to deal with challenging behaviour of specific children, courses such as safeguarding, first aid and discourse are compulsory. * Health and Safety (first Aid) Regulations 1981 Most settings working with children and young people with have specific individuals who are qualified to deal with first aid there must be at least one person within the setting designated to first aid if an accident occurs. It is stated that by law all employers must keep a well-stocked first aid box.At St Cuthberts all staff members are first aid trained although there are all five members of staff as designated first aiders it is their responsibility to ensure that the first aid boxes are fully stocked and in good working order. * viands Safety Act 1990, and Food Handling Regulations 1995 This act refers to how food may be stored and prepared and how cooking environments should be maintained and how staff who prepare the food must be trained. Any member of staff within the school handling food has a basic food safety and handling present including the kitchen staff. * apprise Precautions (workplace) Regulations 1997These regulations apply to all workplaces not just those who work alongside children and young people. low these regulations settings must carry out a fire risk assessment addressing seven key areas 1. Fire ignition sources and risk from the spread of fire 2. Escape routes and Exits 3. Fire Detection and early warning of fire 4. Fire fighting equipment 5. Fire routine training for staff 6. Emergency plans and arrangements for calling the fire service 7. General maintenance and testing of fire protection equipment All staff members at St Cuthberts are trained in emergency procedure and what to do in the event of a fire.All fire safety equipment is checked once a month by an outside agency to ensure that alarms, extinguishers and other equipment a re in good working order. * Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 (RIDDOR) Under RIDDOR, workplaces must ensure they have an accident book. All accidents which occur in the workplace or setting must be recorded in the book. Some types of accidents that occur at work serious ones or those that result in someone being absent from work for more than three days must be reported to the Health and Safety Executive.Some Diseases that may be contracted by employees must also be reported i. e. HIV, Aids, Hepatitis and such like. At my school the accident and disaster book is unbroken in the school office and all members of staff have access to this book, it is their responsibility to ensure that any accidents are recorded in this book however minor. If any concerns arise in relation to diseases and other contagious diseases then these are reported immediately to the head teacher who then takes hold fill. * Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regula tions 1992Under these regulations employers must provide equipment to employees needed to carry out their jobs safely. For example, someone working with young children will need an apron and rubber gloves supplied to them for when they are changing nappies or dealing with other body fluids and waste. * Protection of Children Act This law involves the protection and safeguarding of children. (See unit CYP core 3. 3 for more details) * Childrens Act 1989 This Act covers the equality of access and opportunity for children and young people in addition to health and safety. * Health and Safety (young persons) Regulations 1997These regulations require employers to carryout special risk assessments for employees or volunteers under the age of 18, as they may be less aware of the Health and Safety issues then more experienced workers. * Children Bill 2004 Prior to this bill being passed there were concerns that childrens services were not working together effectively to protect threatened children from forms of abuse. This bill was passed to ensure the improvement of child protection for children and young people and to ensure that all agencies involved have better communication with each other regarding such issues.At St Cuthberts meetings are held on a regular basis for the complete staffing team to talk about any issues or concerns they may have regarding specific children. Any immediate concerns are reported to the head teacher and they and the class teacher discuss which action to take. Safeguarding issues are immediately reported to the member of staff in charge of reporting incidents of abuse who will then take enchant action such as ringing social services or other outside agencies. Any parents with concerns over a child are directed to this staff member who can then take the action needed to investigate further. Every Child Matters This is a government agenda which sets out five major outcomes for all children 1. Be safe 2. Being healthy 3. Enjoying and ach ieving 4. Making a positive contribution 5. Economic well being The primal Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) aims to meet every one of the outcomes listed above. * The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) Welfare Requirements All settings to which the EYFS applies must meet all of the EYFS welfare requirements Safeguarding and promoting childrens welfare. The provider must take suitable travel to safeguard and promote the welfare of children.The provider must promote the good health of the children, take necessary steps to prevent the spread of infections and take appropriate action when a child is ill. Childrens behaviour must be managed effectively and in a manner appropriate for their stage of development and individual needs. Suitable People Providers must ensure that people working with children or having unsupervised access to them are suitable to do so. Adults looking after children must have appropriate qualifications, training, skills and knowledge.Staffing arrangements must be organised to ensure safety and to meet the needs of the children within the setting. i. e. ensuring that the staff to child ration is correct. Suitable Premises, environment and equipment Outdoor and indoor spaces, furniture, equipment and toys must be age appropriate and safe and suitable for their purpose. Organisation Providers must plan and organise their activates and setting to ensure that all children are provided with enjoyable and challenging learning and development experience which is suited to meet their individual needs and abilities. Documentation Providers must maintain records, policies and procedures required for the safe and efficient management of the settings and to meet the needs of the children. Within a school environment there are policies and procedures in place which support staff in the management of situations that involve the safety and wellbeing of all staff and children. Some of these are * The Health and Safety policy * The Bullying indemnity * The Safety Policy * The Child Protection Policy * The behaviour policy * The O Tolerance procedure The Confidentiality Policy * The Equal opportunities Policy * Regulations and Requirements tell settings what they must do and what standards they must meet to ensure the health and safety of the staff and children within the setting but they do not tell the practitioners how this should be done. It is up to the settings to interpret the laws set out by the government and devises their own policies and procedures that explain how they will work within the law to promote the Health and Safety of everyone in the setting.At St Cuthberts it is the overall responsibility of the head teacher to ensure that the health and safety procedures in the school are implemented effectively by all members of staff. New policies and procedures are discussed by the governors and before any new policy is written up the staff have a chance to add or remove anything they note it needs or does not need t he final draft has to be approved by the Head Teacher before being implemented.It is the job of the caretaker to battle cry the school grounds and building twice a week to ensure that there are no health and safety hazards which could potentially harm the children and staff. If a member of staff comes across a hazard then it will be reported to the head teacher who then ensures the caretaker can solve/fix the problem or that the required services needed are contacted and the risk to students minimised. Sometimes children and young people may want to take risks that are inappropriate for safety reasons or inappropriate for a child or young person because of their age, needs or abilities.As a practitioner it is important to remember that all children will want to take risks and we should not try to avoid risk altogether but allow children and young people to experience risk which will not harm them and which is suitable for their age needs and abilities. For example, a child of five may want to try and climb to the very top of a climbing frame, while this is risk victorious and the child may be capable of doing this we must tell them of the risk involved and ensure that they stay safe whilst trying.In the case of a younger child or a child with a physical impairment it would be inappropriate and dangerous to allow this child to try the same thing. There is a difference in allowing children and young people to take appropriate risks that are worthwhile in terms of their development when compared to the likelihood of injury, and allowing children and young people to do things that are likely to harm them soberly without a justifiable developmental gain or experience.It is important as a practitioner to decide which risks are acceptable and unacceptable and to be able to minimise risk and harm to the children in their care. Before any activity takes place it is important to carry out a risk assessment and understand the settings policies and procedures for risk assessment and be able to follow them closely. There is a dilemma between the rights and choices that belong to children and young people in terms of the freedom to revive and the health and safety requirements of a setting.It is important to remember that children and young people have a right to choice and the freedom of play and its benefits to their learning and development and that children and young people should be allowed to experience and take appropriate risks during their play and learning, within the boundaries of the health and safety legislations. There are four types of hazard/risk that should be taken into account in terms of play and development. These are * Physical Upturned carpets, stacks of chairs, scissors etc. * EnvironmentalIcy pathways/yard, water on a staircase, objects obstructing exits etc. * Emotional Emotional risk taking is a life skill. Children and young people take emotional risks when they pluck up the courage to do something that stretches them emotionally or that risks personal failure or rejection. E. g. utterance in front of a group of peers or adults, auditioning for a part in a production, not giving in to peer pressure, taking a physical risk in front of others. Activities that may feel like a risk to one child may come easily to another.We must remember that each child is an individual and will be comfortable doing things that some children may not be comfortable doing. Every so much a child needs to come out of their comfort zone and be encouraged to try new things for the first time. Those with good levels of self-esteem and assertion will find trying new things easier than those with low self-esteem and confidence. It is important to help children and young people feel equipped for emotional risk taking by providing opportunities for them to take part in activities which foster high levels of confidence and self-esteem. Behavioural Behavioural Hazards occur when children and young people behave in ways in whic h they could cause harm to themselves and others. A teacher may set up an activity in which blunt objects may be used for sculpting with clay, a behavioural hazard becomes apparent if a child then begins to use the tools provided in an inappropriate manner which could cause harm to themselves or others i. e. throwing the tools around, deliberately using them in a harmful way. The risk is therefore significantly raised to an unacceptable level and the practitioner must step in and take appropriate action immediately.A childs behaviour to another child may be classed as a behavioural hazard also, if a child is ballyrag or physically harming another child then this is also a hazard than needs to be dealt with immediately. At St Cuthberts children are involved in thinking about safety and are encouraged to tell an adult if they see something unsafe. One of the most effective ways of ensuring that the children think about safety is to explain to them why we think an activity, a situatio n or someone behaviour is potentially dangerous.A more recent example of supporting children to manage and assess risk was when we had our safety topic week in school. This week was dedicated to having various health and safety professionals come into school to talk to the children and get them to think about their own safety in and outside of school. Some of the visitors included the fire service, police officers and a lollypop person. As well as giving negotiation to the children there were various activities throughout the week that allowed the children to think about and manage their own safety.Other examples of this more recently was a cooking lesson give to small groups of children, not only were the children able to help in the cooking session they were asked to talk about things in the kitchen that could cause harm to them and how they should behave whilst using equipment and being in the kitchen. This activity allowed the children to understand that good behaviour and care fulness was needed to minimise the risk of harm to themselves and others.The policies and procedures at St Cuthberts in response to accidents, incidents, emergencies and unsoundness are hugely important as they can mean the difference between life and death should a serious situation occur. It may be necessary to evacuate the setting in the event of * Flood * Gas leak * Fire * Identification of a dangerous substance To ensure the safe riddance of the setting in an emergency * All staff must know how to raise the alarm, where the exits are and where the assembly point is. * All staff is aware of their roles in an emergency such as taking the register, dialling 999 and checking rooms are empty. There must be regular opportunities to practice the evacuation procedure. These should be taken seriously and any difficulties should be resolved. The sound of the alarm may upset some children so it is important to be sensitive and help them to settle after the drill. * elimination drill no tices must be kept in view at all times and give details of where the fire extinguishing equipment is kept. * Fire alarms, fastball detectors and emergency lighting should be regularly checked and maintained and staff should know where they are and be trained in their use.Details of all checks should be kept written in the log. * Emergency exits should not be obstructed At St Cuthberts the emergency drill is practiced with great care once a month. It is up to the class teacher to ensure that their class evacuates the building in a safe and calm manner and assembles at the meeting point. In the event of a real fire it is up to the receptionist to call the emergency services then make their own way to the meeting point where they will die the registers to the class teachers so that they are able to ensure that all children are accounted for.All registered settings must have written procedures regarding what practitioners must do if it was discovered a child was missing. It is import ant for all staff members to know these procedures and act quickly. At St Cuthberts an immediate search of the setting including outdoor areas is undertaken as well as determination out when the child was last seen and where. If the child cannot be found then the search would be widened to the local area around the school whilst the head teacher raises the alarm with the police and the missing childs parents or carers.Sufficient staff remains on the premises to ensure that the other children are still taken care of and surplus staff such as the caretaker and teaching assistants may join the search until the police arrive and the search is controlled by them. The incident should be logged in the incident book by the initial member of staff whilst all details are still fresh in their head and later on Ofsted will be contacted and the incident logged with them as an immediate review of the setting will be required.All children at some point in their lives experience illness and it is important that all staff recognise the signs and symptoms of illness in a child or young person to be able to take appropriate action in line with the settings policies and procedures. It is a legal requirement of all settings to have written guidelines for the management of illness within the setting. It is not the job of the practitioners to cite the illness this should be left up to a health professional, it is also not the role of the practitioner to care for a sick child and those who are ill should not attend the setting until they are well.There will be times when a childs symptoms develop whilst they are at school, at St Cuthberts the procedure should this occur is as follows * A member of staff will recognise promptly when the child or young person is ill using their knowledge of childhood illnesses to determine the seriousness of the illness. * The member of staff will respond to the symptoms in line with the schools policies, such as cooling a child down if they are suf fering a temperature or administering a childs asthma inhaler. * The member of staff will monitor the condition to ensure the condition does not become worse and a record kept. . e. when the child was last sick, their temperature or what time their inhaler was given. * The staff member will arrange for the child to be collected as soon as possible in the case of minor illness. In the case of accident or major illness then an ambulance will be called before the childs parents or carers are contacted. When contacting a relative the childs archive will be looked at to determine the first point of contact in the event of an illness. It is important to be in control when ringing the parent or carer and ensure that they are not unnecessarily worried.In the event that an ambulance has to be called before the parents it is important that all details of the childs symptoms are given correctly so that the emergency services know what they are dealing with and if needed advice can be given to keep the child comfortable until the ambulance arrives. A practitioner will then accompany the child to the hospital until their parents arrive. * A record of the childs symptoms and the procedures carried out will be logged in the incident book. All settings have a legal requirement to ensure that logs and records of incidents are kept up to date.When a child becomes ill at St Cuthberts or an accident or illness occurs the time and date is logged and any symptoms and signs of illness are written down. A practitioners response to a childs illness is logged, making note of details like medication or first aid given and by whom. There are 4 designated first aiders within the school and it is their job to ensure that all first aid kits around the school are fully stocked and in good working order. It may be necessary for the first aider to be called in the event of an accident or incident and it will be their role to keep the incident book updated.

Communication Unit Essay

To build relationships by smiling, waving or simply manifestation hello when building a relationship with a reinvigorated tyke, new member of staff or new p arnts settling into our telescope. Maintaining relationships by simply saying hello or goodbye to nation and baby birdren in our condition is maintaining a relationship which involves a lot of our lecture and conference use. To gain and region tuition which processs us in the way we work. Information we gain and sh atomic number 18 non only comes from the children except from the parents, families, colleagues and other professionals. To gain reassurance and acknowledgement by giving children praise, physical reassurance, making eye cont encounter or showing saki in what activity they are doing as substantially as providing colleagues with reassurance and acknowledgment in sharing new ideas and training. To express needinesss and feelings this includes colleagues, parents and children as we need to be able t o express our needs and feelings in order for needs to be met and for the effective running of the setting. To share ideas and thoughts this includes colleagues, parents and children much(prenominal) as creative ideas and thoughts. (A. C 2) It is signifi freightert to establish good relationships with children, parent, colleagues and other professionals to ensure the effective running of our setting which on the wholeows for us to plan and meet their item-by-item needs.Those with good conversation skills such as body terminology, facial expressions and ways in which others listen and talk to you, pass on prepare strong relationships with parents, colleagues, children and other professionals. Some ways that communication affects relationships are overlap and gaining discipline as we need to be able to share and gain information to help the effective running of the setting which whitethorn include information on how the child is feeling, what interests them, any informa tion to do with their health and welfare such as any allergies, or conditions i. . asthma, learning needs i. e. referrals to speech and dustup therapist.Settling in as children would feel uncomfortable settling in until they are comfortable with us which means that finding ways to communicate with the child is important to start building a relationship with them which will help settle them. It is not only the child who whitethorn find it firmly only their parents besides so it is important to find ways to communicate with the parents to build a relationship where they have total confidence and trust in us to care for their child. Supporting childrens play and learning this depends on the tone of the relationship between bounteous and child as children play and learn to a greater extent effectively when they are relaxed and comfortable with those around them. They will withal benefit from playing and learning activities with big(a)s through good communication which can allo w adults to help them learn new vocabulary, develop several(predicate) concepts and express ideas. As children get older they will move between different setting s such as from day nursery to nursery school which means they will be around different carers during a day.This can be made easier if all adults involved share a good relationship which allows them to communicate easily. Effective teams as we often work with other professionals it is important for us to work healthful together and build strong professional relationships as the quality of relationships with other professionals can be enhanced or threatened depending on how we speak to them, act to their ideas or suggestions and the tone in which we speak to them. It is important to have a good relationship as if the relationship has broken down then the quality of service for children and their families is likely to be less effective.Outcome 2 Be able to meet the communication and language needs, wishes and preferences o f individuals (A. C 1) This will be seen in observation. (A. C 2) There are a number of factors that early years workers need to visualise in promoting effective communication with others as it is es directial to consider different communication methods which are the right communication style, although most of our communication is based on face to face interactions there are certain factors we need to consider when using this communication style such asEnvironment which is important to think most(predicate) the location as in a grouchy and loud environment it is hard to communicate and have a conversation such as for parents and offspring people we may choose a subdued place whereas with toddlers and younker children we need to provide a welcoming and friendly place. Proximity, orientation and posture which helps us to be sensitive towards other peoples needs such as children who we may have a strong positive relationship with may feel better having us close to them but with children who we do not know this might scare or push them away which to a fault requires us o be observe when communicating. Also how to position your body when communicating as to not be so direct when standing right in front of a child or adult as this makes it dying(p) to break eye contact which could make the encounter uncomfortable where standing at a slight angle allows it to be less direct and at ease to break off eye contact, although it is not only how you position your body but on posture also whether standing or seance as you do not want to seem bored by maybe being slouched down. It is important to think about what signals we give out.Listening skills which is also known as active listening which requires not only listening but observing body language, gestures, facial expressions and other signals that are being sent out by the child or adult. By giving your full attention to the other person is not just listening to what they are saying but on how they say it which is important when encouraging young childrens speech and dealing with parents. Time it is important to not rush communication as children and adults need time to think of how to respond and what they would like to communicate in conversation. A. C 3) This will be seen in observation. (A. C 4) This will be seen in observation. Outcome 3 Be able to overcome barriers to communication (A. C 1) Communication is based on sharing and is important to remember when promoting effective communication is that not everyone shares the same views and experiences such as childhoods, culture, family background or linguistic knowledge. Therefore we can not be sure that our own personal styles of communication will be effective. A number of factors that can affect peoples communication areCulture and family background affects the way in which people communicate as in some cultures eye contact is figureed differently and is not essential in the way they communicate as well as family background as each family is different and share their own ways of communicating together such as children who hear bad language at home and repeat it not realising or a child who hears more than one language at home. Some children may come from a loud and surefooted family whereas another may come from a shy and timid family which affects the way they communicate in childhood and in adulthood.Personality can affect the way in which children and adults communicate as early on we can see children who are more daring and outgoing yet they may not have developed language. Identifying and observing a persons personality is important to communication as a child or adult may seem not interested or bored where it is actually they do not like to speak in groups or to people they do not know. Literacy which involves reading and writing as some may have developed these to a higher level whereas others may find them hard-fought for different reasons such as learning difficulties or language barriers.ICT knowl edge which involves sending and receiving e military posts, having internet phone conversations or accessing and uploading photos or video clips. Although some people may share them same difficulties they may have with literacy and may or may not prefer this type. Confidence and self-esteem are the main factors in the sweets and styles in which people communicate which could lead on from previous experiences they have encountered such as a child was made fun of because they said or recite a word wrong so in later life they avoid spelling and writing, where a child who listens may become a confident adult who will share their opinions and views. A. C 2) Some potential barriers to effective communication are Information the transmitter may want to send but have language difficulties and is unable to express themselves in spoken or written forms. They may also not understand others needs. ( Encoding as the sender may send out an inappropriate method of communication such as a writte n formal letter rather than a verbal conversation. The sender could also may have difficulty in choosing appropriate words or use an inappropriate tone of voice.The sender may issue illegibly or have language difficulties and are unable to express themselves. ( Transfer such as emails may not be received, post may go missing, background noise may interfere, verbal or written meats sent through children may not come across fully, voice mail may not be listened to by recipient or verbal messages sent by an adult may not come across fully. ( answer as people suffer from hearing difficulties they may not realise that the communication was meant for them or a person with a visual impairment may not be able to see facial expressions.Gestures or written messages clearly. ( Decoding the recipient may not understand or hear the message correctly because of language difficulties, may not have the time or experience to fully understand the intended message, their past experiences influence how they receive and interpret messages, the relationship between sender and recipient may influence communication whether the sender is someone the recipient does not know or the recipient may be distracted and not listen fully to the message. (Feedback may not be seen which means the sender may not realise that there are difficulties in their method of communication, they may not show any facial expressions or may interpret the recipient reaction wrong. ( Response may not be sent back and the message has not been received or fully understood or the sender may respond negatively as method of communication is misunderstood or unclear. (A. C 3) This will be seen in observation. (A. C 4) This will be seen in observation. (A. C 5) There will be a time when extra support may be needed to share effective communication with a child or adult and to meet their needs which includeSpeech and Language Services which we may need the support of such as speech and language therapists who help us find was of communicating with children and young people. They would also provide us with support, guidance and suggestions of resources we can use to help aid us in communicating with children and young people such as the picture exchange communication system (PECS) or provide training in visual systems like makaton. Speech and language therapists work closely with infants, children and adults who have various levels of speech, language and communication problems.They would also work with people who have swallowing difficulties. They would assess the clients needs before developing individual treatment programmes which would enable the client to improve as much as possible involving families, carers and teachers. Speech and language therapists usually work as part of a multidisciplinary team with other health professionals such as doctors, occupational therapists, psychologists and physiotherapists and may also liaise with professionals in education and social services.Speech and l anguage therapists calling responsibilities include identifying childrens development Identifying their speech and communication difficulties/disorders Assess and treat swallowing and communication difficulties caused by congenital problems like cleft palate or acquired disorders from a stroke or injury Devise, implement and revise treatment programmes Monitor and evaluating clients progress Advocacy Services as part of the united nations convention on the rights of the child we are obliged to share information with children and young people on matters that are important to them.The child would then be assigned an support whos job role is to put forward the childs best interests and to relay to others the feelings and needs of the child or young person. Advocates are in particular essential for children and young people who are in local authority care or for children and young people with communication difficulties. One type of childrens advocate represents or gives voice to an individual or group whose concerns and interests are not being heard.A child advocate will try to frustrate children from being harmed and may try to obtain justice for those who have already been injured in some way. A child advocate may also seek to ensure that children have access to positive influences or services which will benefit their lives such as education, child care and proper parenting. another(prenominal) form of child advocacy happens at the policy level and aims at changing the policies of governments or even trans national policies.These advocates do lobbying, policy research, file lawsuits and follow in other types of policy change techniques. Outcome 4 Be able to apply principles and practices relating to confidentiality (A. C 1) Confidentiality is data protection and is about respecting peoples right to privacy and concuring information safe which they have provided and not share with other people or pass on personal information about the families and chil dren you are working with, except when it is in a childs best interest to do so e. g. here are concerns about a childs welfare as they are showing signs of abuse so I would approach my boss or manager about it but not discuss it with anyone else unless it concerns them or if a parent has asked for the contact details of another childs family where I could not give that information as I do not have consent to give it out nor do I have access to such information. Otherwise as a main rule it is essential to consider all gained information as confidential. Most settings have a confidentiality policy to help ensure that this employ which all employees MUST read and apply to their work.Congeniality is very important when working with children and young people that there is a legislation that covers all the stored information. That legislation is Data Protection Act 1998. The Data Protection Act 1998 covers both electronic records and paper based records. It strictly regulates the keepin g of records, passing of information and the storing of data. The act was created to protect peoples confidential and personal information from being shared without consent.Any work settings that collect and store information about children, young people and their families must register with the Data Protection Commission and anyone who has access to any of the information must follow the acts principles. All information stored must also be up to date and access secured. (A. C 2) This will be seen in observation. (A. C 3) When working in early years settings parent and children have a right to confidentiality although there may be some times when the need to maintain confidentiality will be breached if disclosing concerns such as if there are concerns about a childs welfare e. g. abuse.Where abuse of a child or young person is venture all settings should have a designated person/s to deal with child protection issues. If you have concerns that a child is being abused it is our job to disclose this information to the designated person of the setting unless you think by disclosing the information will put the child/young person in further danger which can be very hard to work out so having colleagues to discuss this will help you come to a quick and more accurate conclusion. This can become very difficult if you feel that there is a child or young person abuse issue and the designated person thinks that there isnt.I think if you have a doubt then it is better to be safe than sorry and maybe monitor the child gathering more information but if the child is in significant danger then report it to the safeguarding board immediately. Parents will have had a copy of the child protection policy which states that information regarding every child will be disclosed if it is deemed that any child is in significant harm or danger which gives us the right to report any kind of abuse to the safeguarding board without the parents, carers or guardians permission.However it is important to follow the right steps whilst reporting a case of abuse or a suspected case, we need to gather the correct information such as if a child or young person discloses information to you do not herald to keep a secret because we will have to disclose the information given and this will make the child think that they cannot trust that person anymore as they trusted you in the first place to disclose the information.Also a main feature of sexual abuse is that the abuser asks the child to keep this a secret between them. Breaching confidentiality is very serious and most settings have a procedure in which you should follow in the case that breaching confidentiality arises. Information should be passed quickly and directly to the person in charge of dealing with such concerns although confidentiality is still upheld so that other staff, parents, etc do not know anything about the concerns UNLESS they do need to know.

The Host Chapter 48: Detained

The red and blue lights swirled in time with the sirens cry.Before the souls had come to this place, these lights and sounds had had sole(prenominal) atomic number 53 meaning. The law, the keepers of the peace, the punishers of offenders.Now, again, the flashing colors and unfounded noise had only one meaning. A very similar meaning. Still the keepers of the peace. Still the punishers. searcher beetles.It wasnt as common a sight or sound as it had been before die. The police force was only needed to help in cases of accidents or other emergencies, non to enforce laws. Most civil servants didnt be possessed of vehicles with sirens, unless the vehicle was an ambulance or a fire truck.This low, knavish car fuck us was non for any accident. This was a vehicle made for pursuit. Id never absorbn anything quite desire it before, that I knew exactly what it meant.Jared was frozen, his appal still pushing worst on the gas pedal. I could see that he was trying to find a solution , a way to outrun them in this decrepit van or a way to evade them-to address our wide white profile in the low, gaunt brush of the desert-without leading them stern to the rest. Without giving everyone away. We were so close to the others now. They slumbered, unawareWhen he gave up after two seconds of frantic thought, he exhaled.Im so sorry, Wanda, he whispered. I blew it.Jared?He reached for my pass around and eased up on the gas. The car started to slow.Got your pill? he choked.Yes, I whispered.Can Mel hear me?Yes. The thought was a sob.Yes. My voice only barely flee being a sob, too.I love you, Mel. Sorry.She loves you. More than anything.A short, aching silence.Wanda, I I care about you, too. Youre a good person, Wanda. You deserve collapse than what Ive given you. Better than this.He had something small, much too small to be so deadly, between his fingers.Wait, I gasped.He could not die.Wanda, we evictt name the chance. We cant outrun them, not in this. If we try to r un, a thousand of them will swarm after us. Think of Jamie.The van was slowing, drifting to the shoulder.Give me one try, I begged. I fumbled rapidly for the pill in my pocket. I pinched it between my thumb and forefinger and held it up. Let me try to lie us out of this. Ill swallow it right away if anything goes wrong.Youll never lie your way past a SeekerLet me try. Quick I pulled off my seat belt and crouched be- cheek him, unfastening his. Switch with me. Fast, before theyre close enough to see.Wanda -One try. HurryHe was the best at split-second decisions. Smooth and fast, he was out of the drivers seat and over my crouched body. I rolled up into his seat musical composition he took mine.Seat belt, I ordered tersely. Close your eyes. Turn your head away.He did as I say. It was too dark to see it, that his new soft pink scar would be visible from this angle.I strapped my seat belt on and wherefore leaned my head back.Lying with my body, that was the key. It was barely a ma tter of the right movements. Imitation. Like the actors on the TV program, only better. Like a human.Help me, Mel, I murmured.I cant help you be a better soul, Wanda. But you can do this. Save him. I know you can.A better soul. I only had to be myself.It was late. I was tired. I wouldnt contribute to act that part.I let my eyelids droop, let my body sag against the seat.Chagrin. I could do chagrin. I could feel it now.My mouth turned humble into a sheep care grimace.The Seekers car did not park behind us, the way I could feel Mel expected. It stopped across the road, on the shoulder, facing the wrong way for that lanes traffic flow. A dazzling light exploded through the window of the other car. I blinked into it, raising my hand to shade my subject with deliberate slowness. Faintly, past the glare of the place, I saw the gleam of my eyes bounce against the road as I looked down.A car door slammed. One set of footsteps made a ideal of low thuds as someone crossed the pavement. There was no sound of dirt or rocks, so the Seeker had emerged from the passenger side. Two of them, at least, only when only one coming to interrogate me. This was a good sign, a sign of comfort and confidence.My glowing eyes were a talisman. A compass that could not fail- exchangeable the North Star, undoubtable.Lying with my body was not the key. Telling the truth with it was enough. I had something in common with the human baby in the park nothing identical me had ever existed before.The Seekers body blocked the light, and I could see again.It was a man. Probably middle-aged-his features conflicted with one another, making it hard to tell his hair was all white, but his face was smooth and unwrinkled. He wore a T-shirt and shorts, a blocky gun clearly visible on his hip. One hand rested on the fairy of the weapon. In his other hand was a dark flashlight. He didnt turn it on.Having a problem, miss? he express when he was a few feet away. You were exhalation much too fast fo r safety.His eyes were restless. They swiftly appraised my expression-which was, hopefully, sleepy-and whence ran along the length of the van, darted into the darkness behind us, flashed forward to the stretch of highway ahead, lit by our headlights, and came back to my face. They repeated the course another time.He was anxious. This knowledge made my palms sweaty, but I tried to keep the panic from my voice.Im so sorry, I apologized in a loud whisper. I glanced at Jared, as if checking to see whether our words had woken him. I think well, I think I major power have travel asleep. I didnt realize I was so tired.I tried to smile remorsefully. I could tell I sounded stiff, like the too-careful actors on the television.The Seekers eyes traced their road again, this time lingering on Jared. My heart jumped painfully against the inside of my ribs. I pinched the pill tighter.It was irresponsible for me to drive for so long without sleep, I said quickly, trying again to smile a little. I thought we could make it to Phoenix before I would need rest. Im very sorry.Whats your name, miss?His voice was not harsh, but neither was it warm. He kept it low, though, following my cue.Leaves Above, I said, using the name from the last hotel. Would he want to check my story? I might need someplace to refer him to.Upside-down Flower? he guessed. His eyes flickered around their course.Yes, I was.My partner, too. Were you on the island?No, I said quickly. The mainland. Between the great rivers.He nodded, perhaps a little disappointed.Should I go back to Tucson? I asked. I think Im quite awake now. Or maybe I should take a nap right here first -No he interrupted me in a louder voice.I jumped, startled, and the little pill slipped from my fingers. It dropped to the metal floor with a faintly audible clink. I felt the blood drain from my face as though a plug had been pulled.Didnt mean to startle you, he apologized quickly, his eyes repeating their restless circle. But you shouldnt linger here.Why? I managed to whisper. My fingers twitched anxiously at the empty air.There was a disappearance newly.I dont understand. A disappearance?It could have been an accident but in that respect might be He hesitated, unwilling to say the word. humanness may be in this area.Humans? I squeaked, too loud. He heard the fear in my voice and interpreted it the only way he could.Theres no proof of that, Leaves Above. No sightings or anything. Dont be anxious. But you should proceed on to Phoenix without unnecessary delay.Of course. Or maybe Tucson? That would be closer.Theres no danger. You can continue with your plans.If youre sure, SeekerIm quite sure. alone dont go wandering off into the desert, Flower. He smiled. The expression warmed his face, making it kind. Just like all the other souls Id dealt with. He wasnt anxious about me, but for me. He wasnt listening for lies. And he probably wouldnt recognize them if he was. Just another soul.I wasnt intend on it. I smiled b ack at him. Ill be much careful. I know I couldnt fall asleep now. I glanced at the desert out Jareds window with a wary expression, so the Seeker would think that fear was making me alert. My expression tensed into a taut mask as I caught sight of a pair of lights reflected in the side mirror.Jareds spine stiffened at the same time, but he held his pose. It looked too tight.My eyes darted back to the Seekers face.I can help with that, he said, still smiling but looking down now as he fumbled to remove something from his pocket.He hadnt seen the change in my face. I tried to control the muscles in my cheeks, to make them relax, but I couldnt concentrate hard enough to make it happen.In the rearview mirror, the headlights got closer.You should not use this often, the Seeker went on, searching the other pocket now. Its not harmful, of course, or the Healers wouldnt have us give it out. But if you use it frequently, it will alter your sleep cycles Ah, here it is. Awake.The lights slow ed as they approached.Just drive by, I begged in my head. Dont stop, dont stop, dont stop.Let it be Kyle at the wheel, Melanie added, thinking the words like a prayer.Dont stop. Just drive. Dont stop. Just drive.Miss?I blinked, trying to focus. Um, Awake?Just inhale this, Leaves Above.He had a thin white aerosol can in his hand. He sprayed a puff of mist into the air in front of my face. I leaned forward obediently and took a sniff, my eyes darting to the mirror at the same time.Its grapefruit scented, the Seeker said. Nice, dont you think?Very nice. My brain was suddenly sharp, focused.The big moving truck slowed and then idled on the road be-hind us.No Mel and I shouted together. I searched the dark floor for one half second, hoping against hope that the little pill would be visible. I couldnt even make out my feet.The Seeker glanced absently at the truck and then waved it forward. I looked back at the truck, too, a forced smile on my face. I couldnt see who was driving. My eyes reflected the headlights, shot out faint beams of their own.The truck hesitated.The Seeker waved again, more broadly this time. Go ahead, he muttered to himself. get hold of Drive DriveBeside me, Jareds hand was clenched in a fist.Slowly, the big truck shuddered into first gear and then inched forward through the space between the Seekers vehicle and ours. The Seekers spotlight outlined two silhouettes, two black profiles, both facing straight forward. The one in the drivers seat had a crooked nose.Mel and I both exhaled in relief.How do you feel?Alert, I told the Seeker.It will wear off in about four hours.Thank you.The Seeker chuckled. Thank you, Leaves Above. When we saw you racing down the road, we thought we might have humans on our hands. I was sweating, but not from the heatI shuddered.Dont worry. Youll be perfectly fine. If youd like, we can follow you to Phoenix.Im respectable fine. You dont need to trouble yourself.It was nice to meet you. Ill be pleased when my shift is over, so that I can go home and tell my partner I met another green-first Flower. Shell be so excited.Um tell her, Brightest sun, longest day for me, I said, giving him the Earthly translation of the common greeting and farewell on the Flower Planet.Certainly. view as a pleasant journey.And you have a pleasant night.He stepped back, and the spotlight hit my eyes again. I blinked tempestuously.Cut it, Hank, the Seeker said, shading his eyes as he turned to walk toward the car. The night turned black again, and I forced another smile toward the invisible Seeker named Hank.I started the engine with shiver hands.The Seekers were faster. The little black car with the incongruous light bar atop it purred to life. It executed a sharp U-turn, and then the taillights were all I could see. They disappeared quickly into the night.I pulled back onto the road. My heart pumped the blood through my veins in hard little bursts. I could feel the fierce pulse throbbing through to my fingertips.The yre gone, I whispered through my suddenly chattering teeth.I heard Jared swallow.That was close, he said.I thought Kyle was expiration to stop.Me, too.Neither of us could speak above a whisper.The Seeker bought it. His teeth were still clenched in anxiety.Yes.I wouldnt have. Your acting hasnt improved much.I shrugged. My body was so rigid, it all moved together. They cant not believe me. What I am well, its something impossible. Something that shouldnt exist.Something unbelievable, he agreed. Something wonderful.His praise thawed some of the ice in my stomach, in my veins.Seekers arent all that different from the rest of them, I murmured to myself. Nothing to be especially afraid of.He shook his head back and forrard slowly. There really isnt anything you cant do, is there?I wasnt sure how to respond to that.Having you with us is going to change everything, he continued under his breath, talking to himself now.I could feel how his words made Melanie sad, but she was not angry thi s time. She was resigned.You can help them. You can protect them better than I could. She sighed.The slow-moving taillights did not frighten me when they appeared on the road ahead. They were familiar, a relief. I sped up-just a little, still a few miles under the limit-to pass them.Jared pulled a flashlight out of the glove compartment. I understood what he was doing reassurance.He held the light to his own eyes as we passed the cab of the truck. I looked past him, through the other window. Kyle nodded once at Jared and took a deep breath. Ian was leaning anxiously around him, his eyes focused on me. I waved once, and he grimaced.We were getting close to our hidden exit.Should I go all the way to Phoenix?Jared thought about it. No. They might see us on the way back and stop us again. I dont think theyre following. Theyre focused on the road.No, they wont follow. I was sure of this.Lets go home, then.Home, I agreed wholeheartedly.We killed the lights, and so did Kyle behind us.We w ould take both vehicles right to the caves and unload quickly so they could be hidden before morning. The little overhang by the entrance would not hide them from view.I rolled my eyes as I thought of the way into and out of the caves. The big mystery I hadnt been able to solve for myself. Jeb was so tricky.Tricky-just like the directions hed given Mel, the lines hed carved onto the back of her photo album. They didnt lead to his cave hideout at all. No, instead they made the person following them parade back and forth in front of his secret place, giving him ample opportunity to decide whether or not to extend an invitation inside.What do you think happened? Jared asked, interrupting my thoughts.What do you mean?The recent disappearance the Seeker mentioned.I stared ahead blankly. Wouldnt that be me?I dont think you would count as recent, Wanda. Besides, they werent watching the freeway before we left. Thats new. Theyre looking for us. Here.His eyes narrowed, while mine widened.Wha t have they been doing? Jared suddenly exploded, slapping his hand loudly against the dashboard. I jumped.You think Jeb and the others did something?He didnt answer me he just stared out across the star-bright desert with furious eyes.I didnt understand. Why would the Seekers be looking for humans just because someone had disappeared in the desert? Accidents did happen. Why would they jump to that particular conclusion?And why was Jared angry? Our family in the caves wouldnt do anything to draw attention to themselves. They knew better than that. They wouldnt go outside unless there was an emergency of some kind.Or something they felt was urgent. Necessary.Had Doc and Jeb been taking improvement of my absence?Jeb had only agreed to stop slaughtering people and souls while I was under the same roof. Was this their compromise?You okay? Jared asked.My throat was too thick to answer. I shook my head. Tears streamed down my cheeks and fell from my chin to my lap.Maybe Id better drive.I shook my head again. I could see well enough.He didnt entreat with me.I was still crying silently when we got to the little mountain that hid our vast cave system. It was actually just a hill-an insignificant outcropping of volcanic rock, like so many others, sparsely decorated with spindly creosote and flat-bladed prickly pears. The thousands of tiny vents were invisible, lost in the jumble of loose purple rocks. Somewhere, smoke would be rising, black on black.I got out of the van and leaned against the door, wiping my eyes. Jared came to stand beside me. He hesitated, then put a hand on my shoulder.Sorry. I didnt know they were planning this. I had no idea. They shouldnt haveBut he only thought that because theyd somehow gotten caught.The moving truck rumbled to a stop behind us. Two doors slammed shut, and then feet were running toward us.What happened? Kyle demanded, there first.Ian was right behind him. He took one look at my expression, at the disunite still running down my cheeks, at Jareds hand on my shoulder, and then rushed forward and threw his arms around me. He pulled me into his chest. I didnt know why this made me cry harder. I clung to him while my tears leaked onto his shirt.Its okay. You did great. Its over.Seekers not the problem, Ian, Jared said, voice strained, his hand still touching me, though he had to lean forward to preserve that point of contact.Huh?They were watching the road for a reason. Sounds like Docs been working in our absence.I shuddered, and for a moment, it seemed like I could taste silver blood in the back of my throat.Why, those - Ians fury robbed him of speech. He couldnt finish his sentence.Nice, Kyle said in a disgusted tone. Idiots. Were gone for a few weeks, and theyve got the Seekers on patrol. They could have just asked us to -Shut up, Kyle, Jared said harshly. Thats neither here nor there at the moment. Weve got to get this all unloaded fast. Who knows how many are watching for us? Lets grab a load and then ge t some more hands.I shook Ian off so that I could help. The tears did not stop running. Ian stayed close to my side, taking the heavy flat of canned soup I picked up and replacing it with a big but light box of pasta.We started down the steep pathway in, Jared leading. The utter blackness did not bother me. I still didnt know this path well, but it wasnt difficult. Straight down, then straight up.We were halfway there when a familiar voice called out from a distance. It echoed down the tunnel, fracturing.Theyre back ack back Jamie was shouting.I tried to dry my tears on my shoulder, but I couldnt get them all.A blue light approached, bouncing as the carrier ran. Then Jamie bounded into view.His face threw me.I was trying to compose myself to greet him, assuming he would be joyful and not wanting to confuse him. But Jamie was already upset. His face was white and tense, his eyes rimmed in red. His dirty cheeks had rivulets through the dust there, tracks made by tears.Jamie? Jared an d I said together, dropping our boxes to the floor.Jamie ran straight for me and threw his arms around my waist.Oh, Wanda Oh, Jared he sobbed. Wes is dead Hes dead The Seeker killed him

Coffee in the Philippines Essay

This Euromonitor market report provides market trend and market growth analysis of the Coffee industry in Philippines. With this market report, youll be able to explore in detail the changing shape and potential of the industry. You will now be able to plan and build scheme on real industry data and projections. The Coffee in Philippines market look report includes Analysis of key supply-side and have trends Detailed segmentation of internationalist and local products Historic volumes and values, lodge and brand market shares Five year forecasts of market trends and market growth.Robust and transparent market research methodology, conducted in-country Our market research reports answer questions such as What is the market size of Coffee in Philippines? What are the major brands in Philippines? How significant is vending in coffee diffusion? How does the increasing nuber of speciality coffee shops impact retail sales of coffee? What are the future prospects for instant 2-in-1 coffee, 3-in-1 coffee and 4-in-1 coffee? How are coffee pods playing in Philippines? Why buy this report?Gain competitive intelligence about market leaders Track key industry trends, opportunities and threats Inform your marketing, brand, outline and market development, sales and supply functions This industry report originates from Passport, our Hot Drinks market research database. Each report is delivered with the following components Report PDF and Word Market statistics surmount workbook SAMPLE ANALYSIS TRENDS Instant coffee mixes continued to gain popularity in both off-trade and on-trade channels in 2010.Rising demand for these products was due to the ease in preparation with minimal time involved, which is highly valued by Filipinos with busy lifestyles and busy consumer foodservice operators as brewing fresh coffee makes it difficult to meet demand. Nevertheless, the eccentric person of instant coffee used in on-trade establishments is usually different from off-trade bra nds as food establishments with high volume consumption commonly work with coffee manufacturers to lift customised mixes made from freshly-ground coffee beans and with added flavours, but come in instant powder format.COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE In 2010, Nestle Philippines continued to dominate coffee with an 81% share of off-trade volume sales and an 89% share of off-trade value sales. This was mainly due to the strong brand recognition of Nescafe, as its name is synonymous with coffee in the Philippines, and the extensive distribution network in both modern and traditional retail channels. The well-diversified product portfolio of Nescafe in instant coffee has also enabled the company to capture a broader range of consumers from low-income Filipinos to health conscious coffee drinkers.PROSPECTS Longer working hours and busier lifestyles for Filipinos, along with the desire to streamline operations amongst foodservice establishments, are all judge to increase the demand for instant co ffee mixes over the forecast period. Nevertheless, consumption of fresh coffee is expected to improve over the same period. Higher demand should be driven by a niche group of affluent consumers who are willing to pay more and focus on quality instead than convenience.