Fast Food in the Cafeteria Essay

Many people think that dissipated feed is bad for our health and that it shouldnt be allowed in tame. More healthful options should be promoted but whats the use of healthy sustenance in tame if the kids dont want to use up it? Nobody least of all adults LIKE have healthy if given a choice every angiotensin-converting enzyme always goes for the agile diet. When we eat lunch at school we get the bad end of the stick. they feed us cardboard pizza, eye that isnt even meat and has been washed in ammonia to kill bacteria, we get fries that arent fries, slimy ravioli, and lunch that mainly looks unappetizing and tastes little better than that.the dilemma is should schools offer debased food such as KFC, wetback Bell or McDonalds? I say yes. Based on 2009 US Industry report, there were 303,989 quick food locations in the US alone. Fast food was the main food source for up to 38% of children stated researcher Shanthy Bowman, PhD, with the U. S. Department of Agriculture in Belt sville, Maryland. She also demonstrated that when kids eat fast food, they eat more food all day long and over one year time period, a child can pack on 6 otiose pounds be beat of high fast food eating.The resultant of overeating is a nation that is becoming obese and overweight. The result of obesity? More illness and coast healthcare problems. When we say fast food, we are thinking junk food yum (insert drool here). Fast food has become one and the same from hamburgers to pizzas, to French fries, hot dogs and more. Fast food has high calories, fats, saturated fats, colewort and salt content. The fats, sugar, and salt in fast food draw us kids like a draw and because fast food doesnt contain much fiber we dont feel plenteous afterward so we tend to eat more later on.Compared with kids didnt eat fast food, fast food eaters ate an average of 187 more calories a day. At that rate, the child would gain 6 extra pounds each year, if they didnt get enough exercise to burn it off, wr ote PhD Bowman. At the same time, fast food causes a number of health problems in children. The excess of sugar in fast food and sodas lead to diabetes in children their bodies failing to produce the insulin that controls the sugar levels and metabolism.Fats and saturated fats lead to high levels of cholesterol in the blood, Cholesterol leads to various titty problems, These heart problems increase the risk of major heart diseases such as Coronary Heart Disease. Also the lack of vitamins can counterbalance the children become anemic, lethargic and get tire very easily. Deficiency in calcium makes their teeth, nails and bones weak. Many times the added preservatives and coloring agents used in fast food can cause cancer in children. The most common and the core cause of all the diseases in children, is obesity due to fast food.Obese children spend little time doing corporal activities or sports, and this lack of activity leads to a sedentary lifestyle, which further on leads to mental stress and early(a) emotional disturbances. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website, results from 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination peck showed that 17 percent of children and teenagers ages 2-19 years are obese. That means one in 6 children is obese. Are you jade of eating nasty, dried, greasy, overcooked, overpriced cafeteria food?I know I am. Its time to make a change. It would be a good idea for a fast food chain to consider spring their newest location in schools because doing so would function educatees and increase money for the school. As they try to keep gait with student taste, lunchrooms across the country have given up meatloaf and mashed potatoes for brand-name fast-food items. (source B) Bringing in a fast food restaurant as a matter of fact would be good because it would help students.Students would stop skipping lunch a start eating in the cafeteria, Eating lunch is better than non eating. Studies show how tes t scores improve when students eat. When students like lunch, theyll eat it They wont be tempted to consecrate it out or give it to another student. In addition to helping students, a fast food restaurant in the cafeteria would benefit the school because first of all, the restaurant would give a percentage of its kale to the school and secondly the restaurant might even participate in the Adopt-a-School program.With more students buying lunch, internet would increase, and if other students hear that that school has fast food in the cafeteria they might be attracted to the school because of the restaurant, change magnitude profits even more. All this extra money could be used for supplies, computers, or books, all of which would make our educational experience at school much better than it is now. Helping students and schools is something that everyone enjoys doing. Putting a fast food restaurant in place of cafeteria food would do both.Hopefully if we got this restaurant no one would ever think of the food as being nasty, greasy, overcooked or overpriced, everyone would be happy. Cafeterias are a spanking part of a students high school career. It is a place of social interactions and various degrees of shenanigans, whether it is over breakfast, lunch, or walking to classes with friends. Cafeterias are not just for keeping societys niches alive, however, as school cafeterias are also used to provide a form of food for the general student body. Cafeteria food has been a theme of see for years and will remain to be so for years to come.From the bagged-lunch versus the school-prepared dilemma, to the question of what exactly is in the meat-like substances cafeteria food has an air of mystery and intrigue. While there are true many reasons not to consume the cafeteria food, it has a few redeeming qualities about it. Food provided through the ordinary education system can sometimes have a less-than-savory flavoring when first chewed over, but before long be comes edible when the taste is acquired. Cafeteria food may be tasteless and inedible at times, but concoct what doesnt kill you, makes you stronger. After four years of consuming the bland entrees, students graduate high school with brand-new taste buds and an aversion to all things flavorful and delicious. If variety is the spice of life, cafeteria food is as red-hot as a Flamenco dancer. One never knows what he or she will receive on Wednesdays- pizza, hotdogs, or a creative combination of the two. Not only is the student unsure of exactly where the crybaby patties come from, or what they are really made of, but the school lunches provide an array of overcompensateoff and salad.Most students have no choice in what they eat for lunch they eat it because they are empty-bellied and have no other option. fast food in the cafeteria though would change that. Students could eat what they want and even if they paid for it the funds would go to the school and the school could use t hat money to buy things for the students that would promote our learning experience. every student would go to lunch and actually eat the food even if they had to pay for it because its something they like to eat, not tasteless junk. So overall putting fast food in the cafeteria is a good thing but also a bad thing.Its a debate that would probably go on forever but nobody would win. decide whether to put it in the cafeteria or not. either way it makes no difference except to our taste buds.BIBLIOGRAPHY Nicole Harms ehow contributor obesity & coronary heart disease Monycutza007 Children Adn Fast Food 11/27/10 http//www. cyberessays. com/Term-Paper-on-Children-Adn-Fast-Food-23508/ Amy Kalafa August 22nd, 2011 Whats in Your Childs School tiffin? The unsavory nutrition facts on cafeteria food google. com fast food in the cafeteria.

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master copy exteriorize vade mecum and counselling 2011/12 The headmaster put up Handbook and counselor leaflet 2011/12 rapscallion 2 The master digest Foreword Please whitethorn I ext cobblers last a warm welcome to those savants studying the victor run into (PP). We intend the forcing out to be a rewarding experience and one which encourages and comports you in your time at Newcastle commerce School. This is a demanding agent of your programme exclusively one which we hope you depart find engaging and helps guidance on your prospective move. Wishing you well in your studies.Regards Dr. Simon Lillystone Module Tutor NX0315 The Professional come across Handbook and management cusp 2011/12 scallywag 3 The Professional work out Handbook and Guidance tract 2011/12 scallywag 4 The Professional Project CONTENTS PAGE scalawag SECTION 1 Introduction 7 SECTION 2 dent A of Project 10 SECTION 3 Section B of Project 11 SECTION 4 Reflective Statement 12 SEC TION 5 compose founding Format 13 SECTION 6 Reference Specifications and Format 18 SECTION 7 Project Submission selective in formation 20 APPENDIX A Specimen statute title rapscallion 3 APPENDIX B Specimen Declarations page 22 APPENDIX C Specimen circumscribe page 24 APPENDIX D moral philosophy in Research & Consultancy (Guidelines & Procedures for Students Undertaking UG Projects) 25 Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 5 The Professional Project Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 6 The Professional Project SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Module Background Information The Professional Project is a 30 point faculty which pass on be taken by all direct entry persist-place year students to an undergraduate programme of study at NBS.It relieve oneself outs for 25% of the marks on the final year of the Honours storey and its magnificence should non be underestimated. The module provides an opportunity to explore the cardinal study competences essential to achieve academic success and develop these into transaction competences to promote move success. These competences leave behind be developed, practised and compose up as part of the Project and apply to an probe of a agate line issue/problem. To subscribe to this individual investigation into an applied business problem or issue the student pull up stakes be given a delimit proposition to research and germane(predicate) nurture relating to the number.The information entrust be set in the setting of an permit academic framework and the student leave alone be judge to draw relevant conclusions, salve up and bow down the work in an approved format. The target length of the whole draw pull up stakes be 8,000 to 10,000 words. A industrial planthop programme and eLearning Portal bequeath support the process. Learning Outcomes This module is intended to be taken by direct entry final year students to an undergraduate programme of study at NBS. At the end of the module students will be able to 1.Apply key intellectual competences at level six and decisively appraise their employment competences to support continuing professional/c arr organic evolution 2. Conduct a literature review involving the critical evaluation of appropriate theories, models, frameworks and principles and apply those principles to a special(a) business problem or issue drawing appropriate inferences and conclusions. Aims The Professional Project promotes the growing of key competences required to achieve academic and professional career success.These competences will be developed, practised, written up and applied to an investigation of a business issue/problem. The student will be back up in their tuition by an eLearning Portal and a workshop programme. The student will be given guidance as to the nature of work to be undertaken in the workshop programme. The module will make lend oneself of catamenia research activity related to the chosen subject and, whe re appropriate, to that preciseally carried out by staff of Newcastle championship School. moldable assessment will take institutionalise inside the contact sessions and whitethorn take place finished tasks set and theory/practice related discussions including Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 7 The Professional Project research into career paths. Approaches to Teaching and Learning and Formative Assessment The module is intended to deliver knowledge of and attendance to the competences and abilities for effective study at level six in concert with entry to and participation within the graduate labour market.It provides an opportunity to undertake a major go of academic research into a specific business related problem. The module necessitates a broad broadcast where much use will be made of directed study supported by the facilities of the Careers Service, arena Skills Centre and Library. This approach will facilitate the growing of students as independent key ou ters. The creation of Learning Sets will be encouraged to facilitate understanding of the issues and problems associated with the completion of the shake off. The process leading to the completion of the run into will include reading, reflection and research.This will be incorporated into the workshop programme which will support the student throughout the process. It is intended that the project will be closely allied to their preferred field of employment. by means of the project and workshop activities it is envisaged that students will appreciate the importance of active engagement in competences and career development to improve NBS graduate success in securing appropriate careers or time to come study opportunities The module is supported by a Learning and Teaching Plan that outlines the formal sessions and by an e acquirement Portal.The assessment for this module will be an individual project, incorporating the piece of music up of the students understanding of own(pren ominal) and professional competence development and an investigation into an applied business problem or issue. The student will be given a defined topic to research and relevant information relating to the topic. The information will be set in the context of an appropriate academic framework and the student will be looked to draw relevant conclusions, write up and submit the work in an approved format. The target length of the whole project will be 8,000 to 10,000 words.The learning outcomes will be achieved through the lecture/workshop programme and will terminate in the completion of the final project. The project will demonstrate the students understanding of the above learning outcomes. Formative assessment will take place within the workshop sessions and whitethorn take place through tasks set and theory/practice related discussions. Workshop Support Programme This is a taught programme with periodic workshops during the first semester followed by six workshops in the secon d semester. The Project will not be independently supervised. Instead the students will be expected to work in learning sets.However, it must(prenominal)(prenominal) be celebrated that the final project is to be an individual piece of work. Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 8 The Professional Project Recommended Reading List for Module Cottrell, S (2008) The Study Skills Handbook third Edn Palgrave MacMillan Basingstoke Armstrong (2005) A Handbook for Leadership and Management a guide to managing for results. Kogan London Toplis, J. Dulewicz, V. and Fletcher, W. (2005) Psychological Testing a Managers guide. CIPD London Cameron (2007) The Business Students Handbook learning skills for study and employment ( for sale as an e-book) Bolles, RN (2008) What colour is your stand out?A practical manual for job hunters. Ten Speed Publishing Walliman, N (2001) Your Research Project Sage Publications Bell, J (2005) Doing your research project Open University Press Cottrell, S. (2008) Critical Thinking Skills Palgrave Basingstoke Jankowicz,A. D (2005) Business Research Projects Thompson Business Press Remenyi,D, Williams,B, Money,A & Swatz,E (2007) Doing Research in Business and Management Sage Publications Bryman,A & Bell E (2003) Business Research Methods Oxford University Press Price, G. & Maier, P. (2007) Effective Study skills unlock your potential. Pearson Education McMillan, K. Weyers, J. (2009) The Smarter Student Prentice star sign / Pearson London McMillan, K. & Weyers, J. (2007) How to write dissertations & project reports Prentice Hall/ Pearson London Additional Learning Resources (e. g. websites, CD Roms) chalkboard Site The module is supported by the e-learning portal. It is imperative that the site is fully utilised by the students. captured links to psychological tests are addressable under the site which will be employ to support the learning process. eLearning platform at Northumbria http//elearning. unn. ac. uk/ Handbook and Guid ance Booklet 2011/12 Page 9The Professional Project SECTION 2 SECTION A OF THE experience The Project is intended to link individualised and professional career development with an academic piece of work in the form of a literature review. The appreciation of professional, career and personal development should not be underestimated. It should provide evidence to support that development with critical reflection by the student. A series of psychometric tests are available via BlackBoard to support your self-analysis. The outline of Section A of the project should take the form ensuren below with supporting evidence shown in the appendices.Part 1 Who I am as a learner? Implications for your learning Family & friends to comment address the implications of the forefrontnaire findings and show how these relate to how you learn. addition A VARK, Myers Briggs, Belbin Inventory Part 2 Implications for career choice womb-to-tomb learning Transferable skills Justify chosen car eer choice Discuss how your personality type and how you learn affect your choice of career Appendix B curriculum vitae, dickens job adverts, a archetype application form Appendix C PowerPoint Presentation Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12Page 10 The Professional Project SECTION 3 TOPIC SELECTION (SECTION B) General topic areas will be defined by the nature of the programme e. g. , those students studying finance would be expected to focus their topic on this area. However, the selection of a final suitable question or issue for Section B of the Project rests with the student. In some cases ideas sack be gleaned from m all sources. Work placement experiences, aspired career paths, bus research interests, course work and readings are just a few. Copies of recent projects may give notice ideas as well.Normally projects that are available for inspection produce achieved a mark of 60% or more. It is intended that suitable projects will be made available on the Blackboard s ite. Originality The question or issue indispensabilitys to be related to business or management or to the specific named degree the student is studying. It is the students responsibility to verify that the title and the approach of the project are original. However, a student may not claim exclusive chastises to a topic area. Guidelines for Suitable Questions The student can assume that the question as initially conceived will evolve as the project progresses.By evolve it is meant that the particular apprehension of the question which becomes centred to the project may well change in one direction or other as the project progresses. This evolution or fine tuning of a question is quite prevalent and should be expected. The goal is to find a question which is everyday enough to be significant, but specific enough to become foc utilise. In any until nowt, the final title as established should not be changed without consent of the Project Supervisor. Handbook and Guidance Bookl et 2011/12 Page 11 The Professional Project SECTION 4 REFLECTIVE STATEMENTA vital element of the project is critical reflection by the student. It is important in that respectfore to produce a reflective statement which will link the two pieces of the project together. This is a very important area of the project and should be a considered and well thought out element of the final piece of work. The workshops will provide guidance and support on critical reflection as part of the programme. Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 12 The Professional Project SECTION 5 WRITTEN PRESENTATION FORMAT Length The total length of the project should not exceed 10,000 words.As a superior general guide Section A of the project should be between 3,000 and 4,000 words while Section B of the project should be between 5,000 and 6,000 words. The word count is to be declared (Appendix B). Summarising and compressing the information in your project into 10,000 words is one of the skills that students are expected to acquire, and demonstrate as part of the project process. The word count does not include abstract, title page, gists page, glossary, tables, appendices and end corporal. If the project is to be very much shorter (i. e. ess than 8,000 words), it is necessary to clear this in advance of the final deadline with your tutor. Some slippage is acceptable but anything in excess of 11,000 words will be penalised. Referencing It is the students responsibility to see to it that all ideas, opinions, conclusions, specific wordings, quotations, conceptual structures and data taken directly or indirectly from the work of others and used in the project are appropriately cited and referenced. (THE IMPORTANCE OF PROPER REFERENCING SEE SECTION 7 CANnot BE OVER EMPHASISED). Structure and Components submit OF CONTENTS Title page Declaration and Word Count swindle (to cover both sections) Acknowledgements Contents Page List of figures Glossary (if appropriate) Section A P art 1 Who I am as a learner? Implications for your learning Family & friends to comment Part 2 Implications for career choice Lifelong learning Transferable skills Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 13 The Professional Project Justify chosen career choice Appendix A VARK, Myers Briggs, Belbin Inventory Appendix B Curriculum vitae, two job adverts, a warning application form Appendix C PowerPoint Presentation Section BPart 1 Introduction Reason for choice of topic faculty member objectives of Project Outline of sections Part 2 Setting the Scene (if required) Part 3 Literature criticism Rationale for literature reviewed Critical review of literature relating to academic objectives Part 4 References Bibliography Appendices A B C Reflective Statement Last Page o o It is useful to specify the last page so that the reviewer may ensure that no pages have been omitted in error. Summary and Conclusions Title The title should be succinct yet clearly specify the content of the report. This should be descriptive and unambiguous rather than poetic or implicit.Twelve words is normally the maximum length. It should be taked and finalised as part of the final draft. It may be different from the original proposed title. Acknowledgements The student may wish to thank those people who have been particularly helpful in the preparation of the project. Consideration of persons external to the NBS is particularly appropriate. tongue-in-cheek acknowledgements are not acceptable. Abstract The purpose of the abstract is to summarise the entire project, including a description of the problem, the students contributions, and conclusions. quaternity keywords are required. (See sample Appendix C. ) Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 14 The Professional Project Declarations and Word Count To be include (See sample Appendix B). Do not hinder to sign. No signature No Mark. Introduction The purpose of this section is to contextualise the study. This means that the significance or importance of the subject is set out. If there is no apparent importance to the study to any external reader, the topic may not be appropriate. Personal interest may inspire selection of the project topic, but ultimately, its mportance to others should be specified. This can often be done by positioning the project in apprisal to other work that has been published, either as an advancement, continuation, compilation or verification. This part should also tell the reader how the topic will be unfolded and the order of forthcoming existent. Literature Review A review of the real literature surrounding the question or issue should provide a clear understanding. It should be cutting-edge and relevant. Conclusion This section explains the relationship between the body of knowledge and the question.It should present the case for the projects success in meeting its goals, as well as any shortcomings and limitations that apply. It may suggest further work or study needed on the question or issue, as well as ways the newborn work can be used or applied in other cases. It is not meant to be a summary or restatement of the entire project, which belongs in the abstract. If the student has developed any strong personal opinions about the subject which seem appropriate to relate, this is the place where such(prenominal) content is appropriate.Appendices Often the concepts of the study can be clarified in graphic form, or data presented in tabular form. Normally, this material should be entered into the text at or near the place it is referred to in the text. Where such material would be inconvenient to include in the text itself, it can be included in an appendix. As a general rule, if figures, tables, charts or quotes are less than a full page and can be conveniently included in the text, you will want to do so, since reference to appendices is awkward for the reader.All such material, in the text or at the end, should be titled and sequentially numbered. Tabular material which is presented in landscape format should be demarcation with the top of the table to the spine. Appendices are labelled alphabetically, although if there is little such material and it is all of a similar nature, it may all be included in one Appendix. Appendices are referenced in text in parentheses (Appendix A) not (see appendix A). Writing Style The level of paper must be appropriate to the level of the Bachelors degree.Specifically, acute attention should be paid to correct recite, grammar, punctuation, execration structure and clarity of direction. Also, it is the students responsibility to edit the text for typing errors, uncover all spelling errors even if the document is, typed by another party. Note that a spell-check programme does not uncover all spelling errors, e. g. principal v principle. Normally, there should be no first person references (I, we, us) in Section B of the project. If self-reference is required, reference may be mad e to the present author Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 15The Professional Project or this study. The exception to this is in the conclusion section B and Section A, where personal comments may be appropriate. Students from overseas who wish to develop their slope style and grammar may wish to make use of the Study Skills Centre. Page Layout Pages should be numbered in sequence at the top right hand corner, starting with and including the title page (Appendix A). Margins and headings the specifications are 1? left moulding, 1? on the other terce sides. The page number should be above the top margin line.The right margin should be unjustified (left ragged), since the spacing between words used to make the right margin even inhibits readability greatly, while adding little aesthetically. Headers and baby-walkers are to be used with discretion. Please do NOT include your name in any header or footer. Tables and charts should be numbered in sequence by chapter, e. g. T able 3. 1 is the first table in Chapter 3. Each figure should be properly referenced and accompanied by a descriptive title which completely explains the contents of the figure.It is not acceptable to enwrap photocopies of tables into the body of the project. Tables should be word processed into the project. In broad terms this principle also applies to diagrams no photocopies from books etc. There will, of course, be occasions when a photocopy of a table or a diagram is specifically required in order to illustrate points peculiar to the original. Use of such photocopies must be cleared with the supervisor. Similar principles apply to the appendices with regard to tables and diagrams. It is recognised that there will be part (e. . a project on advertising) where photocopies are necessary. The project must be word-processed, and final copy must be printed single sided on A4 paper. Spacing may either be set at twice or one and a half line spacing, depending on the machine used. Sp acing greater than doubling spacing is not acceptable. The body of the project should be in Font size 12 (This is written Font Size 12) or similar. Arial is the preferred font face. Legibility Both the draft and final copies of the project must be produced in such a manner that the text is entirely legible.This means an name suitable for good reproduction from a photocopier. Colour Printing Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 16 The Professional Project Black printing is the norm. Colour printing must be used with discretion. There are no extra marks for colour. The University makes no guarantee as to the training of colour printing facilities. Retention of Working Papers The working documents (e. g. notes, any photocopies of articles used, drafts etc) used for your project must(prenominal) be retained by the student until formally notified of the award of their degree.As part of the NBS quality gibe a stratified sample of students will be asked by letter (after project s have been handed in) to submit their working papers. Please ensure you keep you working papers so that if called for they can be produced. The University tries to be reasonable over this. We do not expect you to keep every scrap of paper. We do expect you to keep the bulk of the important working papers. Thus students would normally (for example) be expected to include in their working papers some (but not necessarily all) successive drafts of the project.Any photocopies of library material etc you use should also be kept. Working Papers MUST be accessible. i. e. DO NOT pack them absent in some inaccessible place such as luggage you are shipping home. If your project includes calculations, the working papers for those would be expected. And if your project includes a survey or questionnaire the original papers for those should be kept along with names and addresses of any firms or individuals packd. Keep all computer based material in digital format, CD, etc. Production of work ing papers includes being able to produce the discs. Do not keep material on the hard drive.Failure to produce working papers when pass on by the University to do so constitutes an Academic Irregularity, which may adversely affect the awarding of the students degree. If it is not thinkable to establish, by inspection of the working papers, the sources of material in the project the award of the degree will be delayed until the matter is resolved. Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 17 The Professional Project SECTION 6 REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS AND FORMAT Plagiarism and Citation The intellectual work of others which is being summarised in the report must be attributed to its source.It is assumed that all ideas, opinions, conclusions, specific wordings, quotations, conceptual structures and data, whether reproduced exactly or in retell, which are not referenced to another source is the work of the student. If this is not the case, an act of plagiarism may have occurred, whi ch is cause for disciplinary action at the course or University level. Plagiarism Please hold particular attention to originality and the proper acknowledgement of your sources.It is important that the work you submit Is original in as far as the Project constraints allow Gives proper acknowledgement to any work by others which is used in completing your project Originality means that the project subject is presented in a way which differs from any other Published works Study guides Projects/Projects of other students, past or present This does not keep the use of the same material from wider reading (to support it with examples, or relevant opinions and ideas, or to place it within the context of existing knowledge).In fact, credit is specifically given for references in the assessment scheme. It does mean, however, that the sources of any such material MUST be identified. You should ensure that Words or phrases taken verbatim from published works are placed in quotation ma rks and the source acknowledged. Quotations take the form of brief relevant extracts (only exceptionally exceeding 100 words in length). Where lengthier use of a published work is appropriate, you may summarise or paraphrase an authors words, but the source of the summary or paraphrase must again be fully acknowledged by textual reference.Unacknowledged use of the work of others (plagiarism) is regarded as dishonest practice and will be dealt with on that basis, as per the Universitys Regulations. Format in Text The format for reference styles is laid out in the Northumbria University Library publication Cite Them skillful and is available on the UNN Website. Two styles of Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 18 The Professional Project referencing are defined, the British Standard (Numeric) System and the Harvard System. Please use the Harvard System for your project.A plenary discussion on referencing is laid out in the librarys publication, which must be followed in det ail. The following is a brief sample for illustration only The Harvard (Name/Date) System uses name and year in text, e. g. According to Steinman (2003) there are three parts or A recent study (Steinman 2003) states there are three parts Direct quotes should have author, year and page number. This should be done as (Steinman, 20036) or Steinman (20036). If a quote crosses over pages you would write (Steinman, 20036-7).The purpose of the page reference is to enable the reader to find good your source material. Particular points should also have page references whereas general themes from a complete article do not require the precise page number. Format in References Section The Harvard (Name/Date) System is listed at the end of the text in alphabetical order by author and date, e. g. Lafferty, B. A and Hult, M. T. (2001) A Synthesis of coeval Market Orientation Perspectives, European Journal of Marketing. Vol. 35no. 12pp. 2-109 Full specifications and examples are illustrated in th e librarys monograph. Referencing Electronic sources e. g. from the World Wide Web should be as follows PC MAGAZINE. URL http//www. ziff. com/ PC powder magazine/(date of downloading/viewing) (Name, Date (of article), Title) (i. e. as well as any date attached to a document on the web, electronic references should also include the date on which the web was read for the particular source). The citation for non English works should follow the same order as English works. For books author, date, title of book, publisher.For articles author, date, title of article, title of journal, ledger and page numbers. Further details for other electronic referencing are in the Librarys monograph Cite them Right Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 19 The Professional Project SECTION 7 PROJECT SUBMISSION INFORMATION Projects are to be submitted to perform UNN Office (room 309C) by no later than 4. 00 PM Friday 23rd March 2012. You must NOT exceed the deadlines given without an approved P EC. In exceptional part late submission of the Project, up to a maximum of 2 weeks, may be sought.These must be approved in advance, with appropriate evidence, and are not meant to cover administrative difficulties. INCLUSION OF A record book COPY OF THE PROJECT THREE CDs containing a complete copy of the body of the Project (appendices may be omitted as may diagrams within the body of the Project) is to be submitted along with the Project. The title page of the Project must be the first page on the disk. Non submission of a disk, or submission of a weaken or blank disk will be regarded as an Academic Irregularity.Computer programmes are available which detect changes in grammar and style. The University uses such programmes as an aid in detecting plagiarism. Evidence from such programmes will be used in any disciplinary action taken by the University in cases of asseverate plagiarism. Confidentiality This is regarded as an exceptional procedure and this must be agreed by the Tu tor who must be asked to the orphicity form available on the blackboard site and declared by the student to Reception on submission. The confidential Project will be pulped.If the confidentiality form is not submitted at hand in the Project will be regarded as non-confidential. It would be prudent to also state that the Project is confidential in footer on each page of the Project. Binding Requirements for Undergraduate Projects All Projects are bound in standard Business School covers. Students are required to submit TWO copies of the completed project. Newcastle Campus Projects submitted at Newcastle campus are submitted bound in standard Business School format. Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 20 The Professional ProjectPlease note the Declarations statement must be signed and all pages in the correct order before taking the copies of the Project for binding. The procedure is Pick up binding materials from SHAPE UNN office. Take the binded copies and CDs along to S HAPE UNN office by no later than 4. 00 pm on or before your hand in date with your Disc. Sign on the submission log sheet at the Reception to signify you had submitted the Project on time. Failed Projects A failed Project may or may not, depending upon the students general performance, be re-submitted.That decision is made by the Examination Board. If a students performance merits a re-submitted Project match to the assessment regulations such that it would enable a student to improve upon the class of degree awarded the University (i. e. Examination Board) will invite the student to re-submit their Project. The student may accept or reject this offer. The Examination Board may direct that a new and unrelated topic be investigated. Any student whose Project travel into this category is so advised via the standard University Examination results letter sent at the end of the summertime term.That letter will state whether re-submission is invited or not. Re-submitted Projects are su bmitted following the same process as draw for first submission. The fees payable will be notified to students in their offer to retrieve and students should note that they will need to pay for the binding of this resubmission. Supervision is limited to one 20 minute meeting with the original tutor who will review the problems with the original submission. Mark Disclosure It is impossible for the prospective mark which a Project might achieve to be accurately estimated before a Project is formally marked.Every Project is marked and a sample is moderated. Some are marked a third (or more) time(s) either by External or Internal Examiners. The mark attached to a Project is a result of this process. It is therefrom simply not possible for a tutor to give a definitive view as to exactly what standard a Project might reach. This does not, of course, preclude a tutor giving general guidance as to the calibre of the students work, but such guidance should be given and taken with payable consideration to the above and can not be considered a binding assurance .Students will receive a copy of the completed assessment sheet following the conclusion of the examination boards. Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 21 The Professional Project APPENDIX A Proforma Note This information must fit within the outline shown so that it will be visible through the windowpane in the front cover. Please ensure your family name is in BLOCK CAPITALS NAME This is the position of the window in the front cover sheet Thomas JONES BA (Hons) Business Administration Helen Smith The morals of Advertising April 2009 NewcastleDEGREE TUTOR TITLE DATE O CAMPUS STUDENT No 00/123456 Project submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the BA (HONS) BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION of Northumbria University Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 22 The Professional Project Appendix B DECLARATIONS I declare the following(1) that the material contained in this Project is the end result of my own work and that due acknowledgement has been given in the bibliography and references to every last(predicate) sources be they printed, electronic or personal. (2) the Word Count of this Project is Section A .Section B .. Reflective Statement . Total Word Count .. (3) that unless this Project has been confirmed as confidential, I agree to an entire electronic copy or sections of the Project to being placed on Blackboard, if deemed appropriate, to allow future students the opportunity to see examples of past Projects. I understand that if displayed on Blackboard it would be made available for no longer than five years and that students would be able to print off copies or download. The theme would remain anonymous. 4) I agree to my Project being submitted to a plagiarism detection service, where it will be stored in a database and compared against work submitted from this or any other School or from other institutions utilize the service. In the event of the service detecti ng a high degree of similarity between content within the service this will be reported back to my supervisor and second marker, who may solve to undertake further investigation which may ultimately lead to disciplinary actions, should instances of plagiarism be detected. 5) I have read the University Policy Statement on Ethics in Research and Consultancy and the Policy for sensible Consent in Research and Consultancy and I declare that ethical issues have been considered and taken into account in this research. SIGNED 1 . DATE . 1 Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Please reckon to sign the declaration before submitting your Project. Page 23 The Professional ProjectAppendix C TABLE OF CONTENTS Title page Declaration and Word Count Abstract (to cover both sections) Acknowledgements Contents Page List of figures Glossary (if appropriate) Section A Part 1 Who I am as a learner? Implications for your learning Family & friends to comment Part 2 Implications for career choice Life long learning Transferable skills Justify chosen career choice Appendix A VARK, Myers Briggs, Belbin Inventory Appendix B Curriculum vitae, two job adverts, a standard application form Appendix C PowerPoint Presentation Section B Part 1 IntroductionReason for choice of topic Academic objectives of the Project Outline of each part Part 2 Part 3 Setting the Scene if required Literature Review Rationale for literature reviewed Critical review of literature relating to academic objectives Part 4 References Bibliography Appendices Reflective statement Last Page o o It is useful to specify the last page so that the reader may ensure that no pages have been omitted in error. Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 Page 24 Summary and Conclusions The Professional ProjectAppendix D Ethics in Research The Northumbria University policy for ethics in research is to be found on the NBS Research sort out Blackboard site. Checklist for NBS Students designing and conducting primary research Com pletely based on secondary data which has previously been published, is desk based and does not involve people in data collection? NO Does your research involve engagement with people in primary data collection? e. g. interview, focus group, questionnaire etc. YES YES There are not normally ethical issues to address.However you should remain ethically aware. Please ensure that you have not breached plagiarism or copyright regulations and have adequately referenced your material Handbook and Guidance Booklet 2011/12 You should not involve children or vulnerable adults in your research (other than authorised exceptions with CRB checks) If researching in an NHS context, enthral discuss ethical approval with a representative from your workplace and gain advice from your supervisor/School Ethics Sub Committee before proceeding Read the policy on certified consent http//northumbria. c. uk/ soundless/worddocuments/informe dconsent and gain consent from the organisation and people involv ed. Use implied, verbal or written consent and complete, where appropriate, an informed consent form (available on Blackboard) Read guidelines and address anonymity/confidentiality in research design and writing up http//northumbria. ac. uk/static/worddocuments/ethicsp olicy. doc Read guidelines on data protection http//northumbria. ac. uk/sd/central/uso/ndp/nudpp Ensure that you have NOT used inducements to obtain participants Page 25

Elections in Africa Essay

The Aim of this essay is based on the clarity on the Elections in Africa if they be a good Measure of land. It basically analyses the advantages and disadvantages of options (in an argument form). The issue of how citizens influence insurance politymaker is central to an understanding of democratic political governing body. We normally agree that nation should allow the people to participate in policy making. Hence options are one of the ways to establish connectors between citizens and policy makers and by elections citizens come on the policymakers to pay attention to their interests. However in that location are more or less disagreements rough whether and how elections serve to link citizens to policymakers a number of schools put more emphasis upon accountability and others do on representativeness, even if there turn over been a lot of theoretical debates about this issue, we view as few attempts to test the role of competitive election on ordinary attitudes to fightds the legislature.An election is a formal decision making put to work in which the population chooses an individual to hold a public office. Elections suck up been the mechanism by which modern representative democracy has been operated since 17TH century. According to Business Dictionary (BD), Election is the act of a party casting suffrage to choose an individual, for some persona of position. It may involve a public or private right to vote depending on the position. Most positions in the local, state federal governments are voting on the same type of elections. According to (Abraham Lincoln), the word democracy meaning the government of the people, by the people and for the people . nation is circumstance that comes from a Greek and it is made up of two other words, demo which means people and kratain which means to govern or to rule. Democracy pile then be literally translated by the following terms, establishment of the people or government of the majority. E lectoral systems are conventionally divided into two categories, majoritarian. And proportional representations, (Lijphart 1999). Majoritarian system usually employs exclusively single-seat distrust with plurality rule and tends to give greater representation to the two parties and that which imbibe the some votes. Proportional representation (P.R) System must employ multi-seat districts, usually with party lists, and typically spend a penny parliamentary representation that largely mirrors the vote shares of multi-parties However elections be it Proportional Representation (PR), or Majoritarian type, are instruments of democracy to the degree that they give the people theinfluence over policymaking,.(Powell 2000).One fundamental role of elections is the paygrade of the incumbents government. Citizens use elections to reward or punish the incumbents although on the other hand progressively competitive elections organize the risk of increased election violence, this lowlife be raised in two ways. Firstly, closer elections can increase tension throughout the electoral process when the outcome of the election is in doubt, all stages of the process including the appointment of the members of the electoral management body, the registration of parties, candidates, and voters campaigning voting and vote counting and tabulation, becomes more heated. For example, Kenya erupted in chaos in 2007 when incumbent president Mwai kibaki was sworn in hours after being declared the superior in the realms closest presidential elections ever the ensuing violence left 1,500 lifeless and 300,000 displaced.Secondly, as long-term incumbents witness the growing strength of the opposition candidates, they may feel increasingly imperilled and snatch up down more fiercely on perceived threats, example, after losing the first round of Zimbabwes 2008 presidential elections and subsequently manipulating results to force run-off, president Robert Mugabe presided over a wave of wid espread and brutal violence against supporters of Morgan Tsvangirai to examine himself victory in the second round. While these above examples demonstrate the potential of elections to create departure, elections are often used as a means to end conflict and solidify peace. For this reason, elections usually form a key part of the agreements ending civil wars or conflict. The basic principal behind these post conflict or transitional elections is that of Ballots over Bullets citizens choosing their political leaders by voting rather than fighting, although in the 1992 Angola elections which was think to end the civil war, this election instead reignited conflict for another ten (10) years. cases such as these have led many to argue that elections are not appropriate for post conflict environment.In majority, however, there is no viable alternative to post conflict elections as a means of achieving received organisation a non elected government is far more susceptible to accusa tions of illegitimacy than the one chose by the people, and legitimate governance must be achieved as soon as possible following a conflict. Moreover, elections have the potential to create government broadly representative of all disputing political factions. Demonstratively, severalcountries have of late held remarkably successful post-conflict elections. For example, Liberias elections in 2005 intended to over a decade of civil war were remarkably peaceful and hailed as generally light and fair. Another example is the DRCs 2006 elections, the first multi-party election in 46 years, were also relatively successful, especially when considering the tremendous logistical challenges that had to be overcome. in these cases therefore, elections facilitated an ongoing transition from devastating conflict toward greater stability and development.Based on a multi-level analysis of Afro barometer view data from 17 sub-Saharan African countries, the study examines the influence of these t wo types of electoral systems Majoritarian and Proportional Representations-on popular confidence in African parliaments. Controlling for a variety of individual and macro-level characteristics, it was found that citizens perceptions of Members of sevens (MPs) representations have a positive and significant effect on their trust in legislature. In profit the results suggest that the effect of political representations is mediated by electoral systems. Powell (2000), distinguishes between two versions of elections as instruments of democracy accountability and representation. Accountability model tries to use elections to bring the power of the people directly to bear on policymakers. Elections offer citizens a periodic opportunity to change the policymakers.Citizens will have control because they will be able, at least occasionally to reject elected officials who are doing the wrong. hawkish elections create a wedge on all incumbents or rather the current policymakers to worry a bout the next elections and make policy with voters review in mind. On the other hand representation model emphasises citizens should be treated as at the decisive stage of public policy making. Elections are instruments of citizens influence in policy making. Elections should create equitable reflection of all points of view into the legislature. They work as an instrument to choose representatives who can bargain for their voters interest in post-election policy making.Elections are not only full to all these areas of democratic governance, merely are also the most visible representations of democracy in action. They are also in most cases the most complicated and expensive single event a country will ever undertake. Good governance, upholding rule of law, and supporting civil society, this testimony examinesall these areas in the scene of elections. International support to electoral processes is crucial if democracy is to continue developing on the African continent. so the very purpose of elections is to achieve democratic governance without violence- through political rather than physical emulation and this has succeeded in a number of African countries. South-Africa and Botswana, for example have proven themselves among the continents most stable democracies, while Ghana, Mali, and Benin have emerged as democratic stronghold in West Africa. Moreover, countries such as Sierra Leone and Liberia, among the poorest in the world and only recently emerged from civil war, have demonstrated the power of elections to cling to and solidify peace. In reality, then, Africas experience with the electoral democracy has been mixed progress has been made but challenges remain. The various elections in past several years-from Kenya and Zimbabwe to Ghana and Sierra Leone- have become historical landmarks for unalike reasons, varying drastically in their conduct and outcome.This mix of electoral experience has generated considerable debate and choler on the subje ct of transparent, free and fair electoral process among election stakeholders, especially as democratic progress itself can come with further challenges as more elections are held as these elections become increasingly competitive, one-party and military regimes face potentially destabilizing challenges that could increase the risk of fraud and violence. In conclusion elections-especially free and fair, competitive and multi-party elections, are assumed to be a critical component of democratization in uphill democracies, while an election can intensify the polarization of a society along ethnic lines. Competitive elections can force political elites to legitimate their rule through the ballot box.However, we are still debating about how elections serve to link voters and elected Officials. While a group of scholars emphasise the directness and clarity of the connection between voters and policy-makers, others do the representation of all factions in society. Elections help voters t o send Members of Parliament (MPs) representing their interest to the parliament, to some extent elections constitutes a principal avenue of citizens involvement in political life. Understanding their effect on public attitudes towards the legislature and the role of the individualtherein has important implications for theories of democratic governance in emerging democracy. Therefore with this information, elections are a good measure of democracy in that they give citizens the participatory right in policy making through their elected representatives. Making it the government of the people by the people and for the people, thats democracy according to Abraham Lincolns definition.BIBLIOGRAPHY1. Powell (2000), Elections as instrument of Democracy.2. Easton David (1965), A Systems analysis of Political Life. New York john Wiley. 3. Norris, Pippa, Eds (1999), Critical Citizen Global Support for Democratic Governance. New York oxford University press. 4. Lebas, Adrienne (2006), prop ortional Politics 38 419438. 5. Margolis, M (1979), Viable Democracy.6. Tordoff, W. Government and Politics in Africa. London McMillan (1993). 7. Rose, Richard, William Mishler, Christian Haerpfer (1998), Democracy and Its Alternatives. 8. Sisk, Timothy D, Andrew Reynolds, Eds (1998), Election and Conflict Management in Africa. Washington United States Institute of pacification press. 9. Powell G. Bingham (1982), Contemporary Democracies participation stability and violence. Cambridge University. 10. Almami l. Cyllah. Democracy and Elections in Africa.

A Case Study On Banque Accord: A Closer Look

Banque assign is a supplementary of financial giant the Auchan Group1. Founded in 1983, Banque harmonise was established in two stages In 1983, with the exit of fit sell tease in Auchans hypermarkets and, in 1987, with Auchans acquisition of Banque Delort, a marcher and affiliate of the chamfering group known as Credit Commercial de France2. Auchan subsequently called its newly acquired assert as Banque distribute 3.The newly acquired desires mission was to customize the rules that have proven successful in the argona of retail distribution and bring it to the financial services field, by allowing consumers to avail of simple tho innovative discounted products and services. 4 Essentially, Banque combine operates as a bank aligned with the reference and retail industries in general5. Put simply, Banque tally brings electronic banking functions to retailers, and payment and financing options resembling fliers and consumer credit, closer to its consumers.As a rule, the leverage of financial resources is backed by sound ratings from globally respected institutions desire Moodys and Standard & Poor. For the year 2006, Banque Accord received higher ratings compared to the previous year6. Moodys gave the bank an A2 grade, while S&P gave it an A or Stable rating7. To note, the word Accord suggests being able to agree on financial solutions for the telephoners clients8. The dynamism of Banque Accord, which eventually became well-respected in international financial circles, is due to the fact that it is wholly-owned by a bank and a retail group.Since its inception, Banque Accord has noteworthy achievements, four of which are9 (1) consolidating in the same organization electronic banking, issuing of retail control boards and providing credit to consumers (2) creating a network of banking peters in shopping centers (3) an ever-widening range of goods and products procurable to clients (such as payment cod facilities and services, revolving credit, traditional credit, and the like. 10) and (4) its takeover of Egg France in 2004, permitting direct online access to a lower place the monicker Oney.fr/ These portions, combined with the trade genius of its Chief Executive Officer Damien Guermonprez, Banque Accord has evolved in 2006, into an international front line with operations in nine countries, and a database of 4,800,000 customers11. 1 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 2) 2 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 3) 3 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 4) 4 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 4) 5 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 16) 6 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 16) 7 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 16) 8 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 3) 9 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 3) 10 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 3) 11 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 3) Banque Accord A Case Study 1In Banque Accords financial disclosures for 2006, the party reflected a EUR353,167,000 increase in assets in just 12 months12. Banque Accord also reported a net income of EUR34,413,000 in 2005, as compared to EUR24,206,000 in 200413. Despite the potential for provided international growth, Banque Accord has to vie with possible areas of difficulties, which involve14 (a) the use of mobile phones as potential replacement for bank cards in transactions (b) innovations in consumer credit and (c) the development of e-business in the retailing industry.Regardless of these trends that Banque Accord has to contend with, the bank continue to be innovative and continues to explore newer concepts to maintain its prestige and originality in the banking and retail industries. 12 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 17) 13 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 17) 14 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 17) 15 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 3) Banque Accord A Case Study 2 I. The Auchan Group Founded in 1961 by Gerard Mulliez, the Auchan Group started out in the North area of France with one hypermarket, which, simply defined, is a commercial message complex which combines a department store with a supermarket16.Currently, in 2006, the Auchan Group runs 360 hypermarkets spread across 11 countries. In France, Auchan operates 654 supermarkets 17. Since the inception of Auchan, the confederacys vision has remained the same. That is, to improve the purchasing power of its customers 18. Banque Accord is an Auchan subsidiary which has developed an identity of its own within the Auchan Group. Nevertheless, Banque Accords mission is identical to Auchans, and in essence, the bank has a dual vision 19 customer oriented providing its clients with a means to purchase and merged oriented assisting Auchan in maximizing turnover and revenue, therefore aiding the Group to reduce costs. Accordingly, Banque Acords mission, The bank for consumers is aimed towards Auchans clients at the hypermarkets 20. Banque Accord achieves its mission by making available to Auchans clients, certain services like discounted financial options and payments which are directly accessible to these clients.Being a part of the Auchan Group is a contributing factor to Banque Accords human resources practices By training a group of responsible professionals who consider their jobs ful filling, the company is able to achieve growth and guarantee their clients quality service21. II. Banque Accords Internal Strengths In examine the case of Banque Accord, one is accosted with the companys inherent strengths. Whatever weaknesses there might be for the company, these are easily addressed found on the operating standards adopted by the Bank. Nevertheless, inherent strengths of Banque Accord include A. European Market ShareThe modes of payment offered by Banque Accord is characterized by diverseness, restrictive and technical issues and the intricacy of the comfort chain of the industry22. Cash payment is predominant in 16 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 4) 17 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 4) 18 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 5) 19 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 5) 20 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 5) 21 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 5) 22 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 6) Banque Accord A Case Study 3 Spain, Italy and Germany23. However, majority of Banque Accords clients in Great Britain and France use bank cards24. The bank card is considered a pivotal product for the company that issued it25.The card can be very much compared to a traditional banks checking or current account, which is most convenient for customers to use. Retailers or outlets that have tie-ups with bank cards are able to mete out progressively, in coordination with various financial services like cross-selling or up-selling26. The European market where Banque Accord mainly operates was reportedly worth EUR930 billion in outstanding credit in 2005 (Source Lobservateur Cetelem), and is manifesting unwavering growths in many countries27. Within Europe, where Banque Accord operates, there are distinct differences between countries.In Great Britain for example, the total outstanding credit per household is double that of Frances28. In simple words, buyers in Great Britain have greater use for bank cards than customers in France do. The differences between countries may be attributed to diverse cultural orientations, regulatory requirements and marketing procedures 29. Another example is frequently, young people are refused credit on the grounds that they do not have a stable means of paying it. On the other hand, it is quite honey oil for a consumer to accumulate excessive credit30.A solution to this would be the use of regulatory systems and which monitor and prevent evil debts. B. Positioning and Diverse Services The business of Banque Accord is30 (a) issuing various lawsuits of payment cards like for example, retail cards, gift cards and bank cards (b) proffering consumer credit and other related services and (c) managing its retail partners electronic processing of monetary transactions. Electronic Banking is a technical service directly given by Banque Accord to its retailers, which is a source of pride to the bank31. Its electronic banking services is geared towards functioning as a bank receiving transactions providing the life in the retailers issuance of cards, managing authorization, 23 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 6) 24 (Dauchy, 2007, p . 6) 25 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 6) 27 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 6) 28 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 8) 29 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 8) 3-0 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 8) 31 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 9) Banque Accord A Case Study 4 2005, to form a share called loosenOps33. Being owned by a retailing group, Banque Accords aim is ATMS, payment terminals, etc 32. Banque Accords electronic banking services were grouped together in proximity to its customers, and minimizing costs of electronic banking.The impression business of Banque Accord is the issuing of a range of cards, which have different functions. The banks cards may be a typeface of payment, a retailers marketing tool, a support product of the bank that is incorporated in its associated services34. It is widely said that an Accord card may be likened to a Swiss Knife with flexibility in functions credit card, payment card and loyalty card 35. Various examples of an Accord cards use are36 (a) specimen 137 Card Type Retail Card Function A payment card issued or released b y retailerBanque Accord Auchan cradholders total 4,000,000 in Europe, and the card is accepted by other retailers (b) Sample 238 Card Type Loyalty Card Function Retailers marketing instrument which could be used to attract and maintain a loyal base of clients Banque Accord N/A (c) Sample 339 Card Type Bank Card Function A traditional card issued by banks, this card may be used overseas Banque Accord MasterCard Accord and VisaCard Accord (d) Sample 440 Card Type Gift Card 32 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 9) 33 (Dauchy, 2007, p.9) 34 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 9) 35 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 9) 36 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 10) 37 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 10) 38 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 10) 39 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 10) 40 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 10) Banque Accord A Case Study 5 Function This type of card may be utilized to personalize service, and enhances customer relationships. Banque Accord Auchan Gift Card wherefore a card is useful to ? the retailer, because it can be used as a marketing instrument and promotes consumer loyalty and ? the consumer, because it is convenient means of financing and payment41There is a distinct connection between owning a card, how the type of card benefits the customer and the retailer, and the amount of business the customer does with the retailer42. It is established that a customer who has access to credit through cards increases his or her purchasing power. A client who has no card hardly visits a retailer in a month, owning a loyalty card enables a customer to make trey visits. Having a retail card allows the client to make four visits per month to the favorite retailer and having a bank card gives the client the opportunity to make at least five visits to the retailer 42.Banque Accord boasts of an orientation which is discount-oriented and customer-oriented43. Banque Accord has two selling and pricing concepts44 annual subscription and cash back, which is defined as the specie paid to the customer related t his or her card use. For example in France, Banque Accord gives a 40% discount incentive to annual subscribers for a refular Visa Card, and 60% discount on a Visa Premiere Card45. Based on the spending habits of the customers, an annual subscription increases the potential for the cleints purchasing statistics. Other pecuniary ProductsApart from cards, Banque Accord also offers its clients other services, lilke46 (1) in-store credit wherein the individual retailers define their own credit policies along with different formulas for achieving revenue (2) personal loans, which are granted to customers as a come-on, at interest rates based on current market prices (3) revolving credit, which is built up by a credit reserve 41 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 10) 42 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 10) 43 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 10) 44 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 10) 45 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 12) 46 (Dauchy, 2007, p. 10) Banque Accord A Case Study 6 (4) Auchan savings account(5) life insurance, which is a tieup with Suravenir and offers life plans at simple and reduced costs and (6) non-life insuranc e. As evidenced by the wide range of other services that Banque Accord offers, its value chain is wondrous by a huge number of product alliances47. Thus, Banque Accord has been known for its flexibility. As a result, the bank has largely-increased the potential spending capacity of its client-base. Sometimes, the banks products are managed by other partners at times their competitors depending on which countrified the operation is in48.

EBay In China Study Case Essay

header 1eBay send-off entered the Chinese market in 2002 by acquiring a 33% stake in its local anaesthetic counterpart, EachNet, followed by a full eruditeness a year later in 2003. Critically treasure eBay.s choice of market entry dodge for China (use Key Country Matrix), listing both the advantages and disadvantages of its acquisition strategy (use Drivers (YIP) - coop Matrix). 30%Key Country MatrixLooking at the structure of key surface area matrix, we notice that this matrix has deuce axes (the x-axis that shows the competitive strength observed in the country that we are studying the vertical axis represents the country atractiveness). For China, we dissolve say that among many others, there is a treetop 6 of factors that drive investment there (China is an attractive investment country)1. Capital Availability2. Competitiveness3. restrictive Environment4. Stability5. Local Chinese Market and Business Climate6. Openness to Regional and planetary Trade.Analyzing Chinas competitive strength, we conclude that this is a country still developing. China has shortages of infrastructures and services in several markets (Chinas competitive strength is not that high).Drivers (YIP)Location of activity is a crucial bloodline of potential advantage and adept of the distinguishing features of external strategy relative to other diversification strategies. Given internationalizations complexity, international strategy should be underpinned by a careful diagnosis of the strengths and machinateion of move in particular markets. George Yips drivers of globalization framework provides a basis for such diagnosis.CAGE1. Culture outmatch2. Administrative and political distance3. Geographical distance4. Economic distance.The differences between the US and China are huge when evaluating the culture distance, the administrative and political distance, the geographical distance and the economic distance. When a company akin eBay assumes intend to expand its busines s should be sure of these differences and adopt strategies that bar these differences to interfere in business achiever.Vantages/Disadvantages of the acquisition strategyWhen a company like eBay assumes intend to expand its business to China should be aware of the differences between both countries and adopt strategies that prevent these differences to interfere in business success. As a disadvantage, we can consider the risk of the company not adapt in a positive way to the new market (there is the possibility of being jilted by the Chinese market). As an advantage, we can consider the possibility of this acquisition became a huge success and the sales can increase abruptly (as the Chinese market is really big, this means that eBays gain ground would be really high after this movement).Question 2Assess the potential benefits and risks of eBay.s stick take a chance with Tom Online (use Global/Local Matrix). 20%The Global / Local Matrix assesses the volume of international tra de and the volume of foreign direct investment in an industry. The industry in which it operates eBay is located in the upper right corner as shown in the figure. It is a global industry which revised the philosophical system Think Globally, Act Globally and where there are high levels of international trade and foreign direct investment.In recent years the market for e-commerce in China has recorded tremendous growth. The joint hazard on analyzing is based in the relationship between tomcat Online and Skype communications company online at eBay Inc. EBay is one of the largest brands of e-commerce in the world and TOM Online is a provider of excellent services to Chinese consumers. Both companies leave drive financial contributions online, and the new market being built by a joint venture between eBay and TOM Online will provide a great experience for users. This joint venture will promove the connection between users and channels of distribution. Therefore, in our view this jo int venture has everything to be a success.Question 3Advantages / Disadvantages of JV international strategyOn one hand, a Joint Venture strategy has several advantages, mostly when it is done on a market like Chinese one, which is very preventative with its national firms and little accommodative for foreign companies. TOM online is one of the largest wireless service providers and the fifth-largest internet portal site in China, which allows Ebay to penetrate the market faster and easier thanks to its existing brand-awareness among Chinese population, generating for ebay a time saver. TOM online has also a strong political asset by being supported by Li Ka-shing, the biggest holder of the company, who has also strong connexions with hugh-ranking officials both in Chian and Hong Kong. This success on the Chinese market shows that the firm has a great expertise on the specificities of this business area, and decrease therisk for Ebay to make erroneous belief with its strategy.Also , by making a JV, the financial risks and costs decrease because they are shared between the two firms and a synergy is created between the two sides, increasing the financial power of the firms and allowing them to launch project with shared financial participation. On the other hand, with a JV, the earnings have to be shared, so they are lower. To make this partnership happen, it demand a lot more work and energy than with the other type of partnership. That includes solemn research about the law and the compatibility between the two structures.This setting of the JV comes with a lot of blow on the management of the new entity. There is risk of disagreement on how the dividends should be shared, disagreement on the managerial model to adopt and on the global strategy. All these problemes can bring to conflict of evoke and make the JV losing market shares.Question 4 Strategic recomendation on International Commercial system for E-Bay Alliance, Acquisition or Abandon Strategy Cf Excel document for QSPM Matrix.Due to this QSPM analysis, we can square off that the acquiring method is still more than the expanding method, but from close, thus we know that Ebay is the auction website, so we can council them to continue acquiring the other companies

Project 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Project 3 - Essay Example(Module 3, p 2). As stated in Module 3, a competency is a collection of related knowledge, abilities, skills and/or attitudes (KASAs) that conjointly produce a desired level of exploit in a given area of certificate of indebtedness (p. 5-6). The paper will discuss competency and metrics for the six different roles mentioned above in semblance to the organization I work for. It will explain the nature of the role and focus on the performance deliverables and areas of improvement, which in turn enables in r all(prenominal)ing the organizations goals.HR Competency model. Employee retention, satisfaction and ripening have always received high priority in my organization primarily because of the huge manpower required to sustain business. The work force is divided in terms of the service provided for various clients and each division reports to a line manager. The functions of a HR employee are extremely challenging and offer terrific scope for growth and i nnovation, commanding expertise and discipline in every action. The six roles mentioned above are discussed with competencies, challenges and deliverables below.Employee Advocate The Dell services division of the organization has 600 employees under its wing, provides online, and voice support to Dells customers. My role as an employee advocate in this program expects me to know the interests of the employees and communicate the same to the management. My role here(predicate) is to provide a clear alignment between the employee and the organizations goals and objectives. Assist employees wherever necessary to help adduce their value to the program and effectively communicate changes in the organization brought about for the best interest of the employee and organization. The communicating of the change in shifts and the new incentive calculator for the employees has been my recent challenge. I have effectively managed to horizontal out the differences by an opinion poll, which ga ve the

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 43

English - Essay ExampleThere is a systematized industry and motif working behind the embalming of bodies and Jessica wanted to bring these points before the putting surface mass, just to acquit it stronger that the procedure considered inevitable is not at all mandatory. An expert on death and dying, Jessica Mitford is entirely against embalming idle bodies after death and puts forward m both valid points in support of her contention.Her motive of writing this establish is explicit from the very beginning of the literary piece. She has placed a strong objection regarding the secrecy keep during embalming. Another major purpose of writing this essay was to make it clear that the process of embalming is barbaric and it is ostensible that her corporeal goal in writing this essay was to reach the common mass so that common people should understand, how barbaric the practices are and the mystery that actually lies behind the closed doors of the funeral parlors.She clearly claims t hat the ritual of embalming in North American funeral tradition is grotesque. Yet, people seem to remain ignorant about it. By spotlight these points, she wanted to create a common awareness against these rituals and tried to correct them.She brings out evidences to make her contentions more(prenominal) concrete. She wanted to show that a planned industry works behind these traditions which try to make sepulture a pleasurable thing. This ritual, according to Jessica, only prevails in North America and does not occupy any place in the tradition of other areas apart from it. She writes with specific examples. She brings forth the example of the ritual of yield - casket ceremony only common in North America. She ends her essay with the following line that completely complements her intentions behind writing the essay He has done everything in his power to make the funeral a real pleasure for everybody concerned. Consequently well over 90